Table of Content

25 May 2011, Volume 39 Issue 5

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Electronics, Communication & Automation Technology

A Broadband Antenna for the Application toMulti-Standard UHF RFID Tag

Chu Qing-xin Zeng Rui-hua

2011, 39(5):  1-5.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.001

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Proposed in this paper is a broadband antenna for the application to multi-standard UHF RFID ( RadioFrequency Identification) tag,which is composed of a dipole-like radiating body and a inductively-coupled feedingloop. The radiating body consists of two modified meandered dipole antennas different in length so as to form tworesonance points only slightly different in frequency. Thus,the antenna impedance,especially its imaginary part,keeps steady in the frequency range of 840 to 956 MHz,and good conjugate impedance matching to the RFID tagchip is obtained. The bandwidth of the antenna varies from 816 to 988 MHz,which is wide enough to cover theglobal ultrahigh-frequency RFID frequency range,so that the tags with the proposed antenna can be used globallywithout replicate design and the cost is greatly reduced. Finally,an antenna prototype is fabricated based on thesimulation model,with good accordance being found between the simulated and the measured results.

Discrete Synergetic Control and Its Application to DC-DC Converters

Wang Qian Li Tao

2011, 39(5):  6-11.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.002

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As the existing nonlinear control methods are difficult to apply to practical nonlinear dynamic systems,a discrete synergetic control strategy is proposed in this paper.In the investigation,first,the characteristics of the discrete synergetic control and its application to DC-DC converters are analyzed.Next,the general forms of the syner-getic controller are summarized,and the existence and hitting conditions as well as the convergence speed of the control manifold are discussed based on the similarity of the variable structure control to the synergetic control.Then,the stability and robustness of the closed-loop system driven by the synergetic controller are investigated.Finally,the effects of control parameters on the control performance are discussed.Both the analysis and Simulink simulation results show that,with the discrete synergetic control,manifolds can be exponentially reached from any original states,the control system asymptotically stabilizes at the objective working point,and the invariance against system parameter variation and external perturbation can be achieved when the matching conditions are satisfied.

Blind Extraction of μ-Rhythm ElectroencephalogramSignals Based on High-Order Statistics

Cai Kun Xie Sheng-li

2011, 39(5):  12-17,35.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.003

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Proposed in this paper is a new fixed-point blind extraction algorithm of μ-rhythm electroencephalogramsignals based on high-order statistics,which takes into consideration the super-Guassian characteristic and non-symmetricdistribution of the signals. Then,the local stability and convergence of the proposed algorithm are discussed,and the corresponding conditions are determined. Finally,the algorithm is compared with the FastICA algorithmthrough a case study on simulated and clinical μ-rhythm electroencephalogram signals,with a higher effectivenessof it being revealed.

Optimal Power Allocation Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Networks

Zhang Guo-bin Feng Sui-li Ke Feng

2011, 39(5):  18-23.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.004

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In order to satisfy the limitation of interference temperature and total transmission power and to maximizeusers' transmission rate,an optimal power allocation algorithm adaptive to uplink cognitive radio OFDM ( OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiplexing) system is proposed. In this algorithm,first,the zero-setting iterative waterfillingalgorithm under the constraints of total power of the cognitive user is applied to the power allocation. Then,the subcarrier power exceeding the interference power limit is set as the new interference power limit. Finally,theresidual power is allocated to the residual subcarriers by the iterative water-filling algorithm until the optimal powerallocation is achieved. Both the mathematical derivation and the simulation results prove that its proposed algorithmis optimal,and that its computation amount reduces by over 50%,as compared with the gradient method even atthe highest iterative times.

Phase Rotation-Based Interference Detection Algorithm for Femto System

Fu Shao-zhong Ge Jian-hua

2011, 39(5):  24-29.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.005

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In order to eliminate the impact of pilot signals in Femto system on the accuracy of cochannel interferencedetection,a novel algorithm named differential phase-rotation interference detection ( DPRID) is proposed. In this algorithm,according to the equal 2-norm characteristic of the pilot signal,the received signal is rotated toequate the components of the pilot,and the channel in frequency domain is estimated according to the characteristicthat the mean interference plus noise is zero. Thus,the contribution of the pilot signal to the received signal iseliminated and the power of cochannel interference plus noise can be directly estimated. With the introduction ofdifference calculation,the statistical data amount increases,both the enhancement in accordant direction and thecounteraction in reverse direction degrade,and most information can be acquired from the pilot signal. Simulatedresults indicate that the proposed DPRID algorithm outperforms the orthogonal interference detection ( OID) algorithm,with a variance of relative estimation error of 9.84dB and a relative estimation error of 4.35dB when singleantenna is configured.

Hybrid Routing Protocol Based on Time-Component forWireless Sensor Networks

Guo Xin Deng Fei-qi

2011, 39(5):  30-35.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.006

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Based on the even clustering protocol,the energy efficiencies of the single-hop and multi-hop communicationmodels are analyzed in the presence of multiple local clusters,and the corresponding algorithms to calculatethe optimal cluster head number are presented. Moreover,by taking into consideration the nonuniform energy consumptioncaused by a single routing mode,a hybrid communication model is established,which combines the single-hop and the multi-hop modes with a certain time-component in the presence of multiple local clusters. Simulatedresults indicate that the proposed hybrid communication mode with time-component outperforms the single-hopand the multi-hop ones in terms of energy efficiency and energy consumption uniformity.

Routing Cost-Based Ant Colony Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Chen Feng-chao Li Rong-lin

2011, 39(5):  36-43.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.007

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The minimization and balance of energy consumption are two major problems existing in the routing algorithm of wireless sensor networks（WSNs）.In this paper,first,based on the ant colony routing algorithm of WSNs,the influences of construction modes of the heuristic factor on the energy consumption minimization and ba-lance are analyzed,and a routing cost model of WSNs is proposed,which is then used to form a heuristic factor.Finally,some simulations are performed for various construction modes.The results indicate that,as compared with the existing methods,the proposed algorithm is more effective in terms of network lifetime and energy consumption balance,and that the heuristic factor constructed based on routing cost is more reasonable.

Optical Flow Field Estimation Based on Illumination Radiation Model

Liao Bin Du Ming-hui Hu Jin-long

2011, 39(5):  44-48,54.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.008

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Proposed in this paper is an illumination radiation-based optical flow field model for the motion detectionof various objects in different environments. In the investigation,first,the parameters of the general dynamic imagemodel are explained and amended in the Clifford algebra region. Then,according to the results deduced in the Cliffordalgebra region and obtained from experiments,a new optical flow field model is proposed based on the principleof movement vision-generating principle and the illumination radiation theory,to which a gradient field is appliedfor the purpose of improving the accuracy. Finally,a total variation algorithm is presented for the proposed model. Experimental results show that the proposed model can achieve accurate,continuous and consistent optical flowfields for the purpose of being generally used in different illumination conditions.

Fuzzy LS-SVM Classifier Based on Chaos Genetic Algorithm and Its Application

Wang He-jun Deng Fei-qi Chen Zhi-ming

2011, 39(5):  49-54.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.009

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In order to reduce the sensitivity of the support vector machines ( SVM) to noise and outliers,a new fuzzy least squares-support vector machines classifier based on chaos genetic algorithm is proposed and is abbreviated to FLS-SVMBCGA,in which the clear sets are used to construct a fuzzy membership set and the chaos genetic algorithm is adopted to optimize the parameters. Then,some experiments are carried out on three benchmarking datasets such as the Ripley dataset,the MONK dataset and the PIMA dataset. Finally,the TPD signals from oil and gas transmission pipeline are diagnosed using the proposed classifier. The results show that FLS-SVMBCGA is effective in improving the prediction accuracy of the classification problems with noises or outliers,with a classifying effect for TPD signals being higher than 91.67%,which means that the proposed algorithm can accurately diagnose the TPD signals from oil and gas transmission pipeline.

Enhanced JIT-Based Soft-Sensing Modeling and Its Application to Wastewater Treatment

Liu Yi-qi Huang Dao-ping Li Yan

2011, 39(5):  55-60,67.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.010

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In order to overcome the difficulty in on-line measurement of five-day biochemical oxygen demand ( BOD5) during the wastewater treatment,by taking into consideration the nonlinearity and multivariant coupling characteristics of wastewater treatment process,a robust nearest correlation algorithm based on Jolliffe parameters and correlation data selection algorithm is proposed,which is then combined with the recursive partial least square
algorithm and the linear bias compensation algorithm to improve the conventional JIT ( Just-in-Time) algorithm. Finally,the enhanced JIT algorithm is used to build an on-line soft-sensing model of BOD5. The results of simulation show that the enhanced JIT algorithm outperforms the conventional JIT and RPLS algorithms in terms of on-line prediction accuracy,adaptability and robustness of soft sensing.

Computer Science & Technology

Hybrid Conditional Random Field for Multi-Object Tracking of Mobile Robot

Luo Rong-hua Min Hua-qing

2011, 39(5):  61-67.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.011

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According to the characteristics of multi-object tracking of mobile robots,a hybrid conditional random field（HCRF） model,which consists of three layers including the motion detection layer,the data association layer and the state estimation layer,is proposed.As a kind of discriminative model that allows nonlocal dependencies between the state and the observation data,the proposed model can not only utilize local motion information and shape information to improve the accuracy of data association according to the motion information and the local shape information of the object,but also integrate object tracking and moving object detection according to the observation data obtained in multiple time steps.Experimental results of the multi-object tracking of the self-developed mobile robot show that the tracking based on the proposed HCRF model is more accurate and stable than that of the JPDAF method based on the generative model.

Detection of Embedded Malware Based on C4.5 Decision Tree

Zhang Fu-yong Qi De-yu Hu Jing-lin

2011, 39(5):  68-72.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.012

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Embedded malware has become a novel computer security threat due to its high concealment and poor detectability.However,the existing statistical analysis methods are ineffective because they do not fully consider the small number of malicious bytes and the high information gain of embedded malware.In order to solve this problem,a new detection method of embedded malware is proposed based on C4.5 decision tree,which implements the detection by establishing a decision tree with 500 high-information-gain 3-grams extracted from training samples as the attribute.Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to the existing methods in terms of detection rate and classification accuracy,and that it may achieve a detection rate of 99.80% for infected Word.

Detection Algorithm of Scanning Worms Based on Similarity Analysis

Huang Zhi-yong Zhou Jian-lin Chen Xin-long Shi Xing-li

2011, 39(5):  73-77,101.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.013

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In recent years,worms have gradually become serious security threats to Internet. However,the existing detection algorithms of worms are insufficient due to their high false detection rate. In order to solve this problem,a similarity-based detection algorithm of worms is proposed,which optimizes the basic cumulative abnormal detection algorithm by analyzing the similarity of abnormal data series to worm scanning characteristics,and dynamically
adapt the detection threshold to complex network environments using a Kalman filter. Simulated results indicate that,as compared with the basic cumulative abnormal detection algorithm,the proposed algorithm is more effective because it reduces the false detection rate and improves the detection accuracy.

Trusted Routing of Double-Layer Satellite Networks Based on D-S Evidence Theory

Liu Xiao-yue Yang Kai Ma Jian-feng

2011, 39(5):  78-83.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.014

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In satellite networks,security mechanisms are required to ensure the reliability of data transmission. However,the existing trusted evaluation models can not meet the requirements of inherent characteristics of satellite networks. In order to solve this problem,a trusted evaluation model based on satellite nodes is proposed with the help of the D-S evidence theory,through which the trustworthiness of direct trust and indirect trust of satellite nodes can be easily obtained. Moreover,a trusted on-demand satellite routing ( T-ODSR) protocol is proposed,which can select trusted routes to transmit data according to the trustworthiness of satellite nodes. Experimental results indicate that,as compared with the classical double-layer on-demand satellite routing ( ODSR) protocol,T-ODSR protocol is more effective in resisting network attacks and improving network reliability,robustness and security,especially in the presence of a large number of hostile nodes.

Fast Super-Resolution Image Reconstruction Based on Keren Registration and Interpolation

Li Zhan Han Guo-qiang Chen Xiang-ji Liao Xiu-xiu

2011, 39(5):  84-90.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.015

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In order to make it possible to apply the super-resolution reconstruction ( SRR) technology of images in real time and to improve the tolerance of registration errors,a fast and robust SRR algorithm based on Keren registration and interpolation is proposed. In this algorithm,registered low-resolution ( LR) images are mapped onto a high-resolution ( HR) grid according to their transform parameters,and the space pixels are filled iteratively via the template convolution to reconstruct a HR image. The proposed algorithm is finally compared with four existing SRR algorithms including the nonuniform interpolation,the projection onto convex sets,the robust iterative back projection and the structure-adaptive normalized convolution. The results show that the proposed algorithm is an effective,robust and fast SRR method for multi-frame images because it is insensitive to registration errors in a certain accuracy range with high reconstruction speed and quality.

Face Image Retrieval Integrating Manifold Learning with Relevance Feedback

Huang Hong Feng Hai-liang He Tong-di

2011, 39(5):  91-96.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.016

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To narrow down the semantic gap between visual features and semantic information in the retrieval system of face image,a novel retrieval algorithm integrating the manifold learning with the relevant feedback is proposed. In this algorithm,the positive and negative samples containing semantic information,which are provided by the relevance feedback,are taken into consideration to achieve the discriminative manifold embedded in the image space,and a low-dimension manifold space with users' semantic comprehension is obtained by maximizing the gap between the uncorrelated images. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm effectively integrates the visual features with the semantic information of images,and that it outperforms the algorithms such as the feedback-based locality-preserving projection and the augmented relation embedding,with a retrieval accuracy increasing by 10 points of percentage for the first 20 retrieval results.

Analysis of Video Trajectory Based on Spatial-Temporal Extension to Locally Linear Embedding

Fu Mao-sheng Luo Bin Kong Min Qin Jian-peng

2011, 39(5):  97-101.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.017

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As the video trajectory has become a new tool for the automatic analysis of video images,an algorithm of video trajectory description based on the spatial-temporal extension to locally linear embedding ( ST-LLE) is proposed. In this algorithm,first,video clips are divided into continuous subsequences,and non-trivial k-nearest neighbors ( ntKNN) are adopted to capture similar video subsequence mode with spatial-temporal constraint. Then,the weights between each video subsequence and its non-trivial k-nearest neighbors are constructed,according to which the low-dimension embedded vectors of the video subsequence are calculated. Thus,the trajectory of the video subsequence is successfully obtained. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively describes the complex spatial-temporal structures of video sequences and helps to obtain more reasonable video trajectory,as compared with the original locally linear embedding algorithm.

A Keyword-Based Method for Diversification of Web Search Results

Lin Gu-li Peng Hong Ma Qian-li Wei Jia Qin Jiang-wei

2011, 39(5):  102-107.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.018

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The diversification of Web search results has been known as an important factor of improving Web search efficiency and user satisfaction. In this paper,the diversification problem is formalized into a maximization problem of facet coverage,and a novel diversification method named KDM is proposed. In KDM,first,keywords representing document facets are extracted from the retrieved documents related to the query. Then,the document facet novelty is calculated according to the co-occurrence and description ability of the keywords. Finally,the documents are re-ranked by considering both the novelty and the relevance to provide diversified search results for users. Experimental results indicate that KDM outperforms other existing approaches in terms of diversification ability.

Multi-Step Bridged Refinement for Transfer Learning

Qin Jiang-wei Zheng Qi-lun Ma Qian-li Wei Jia Lin Gu-li

2011, 39(5):  108-114.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.019

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In the traditional machine learning methods,it is assumed that the training and test data have an identical distribution.However,this assumption is not valid in many cases.In order to solve this problem,a non-parametric transfer learning algorithm named Multi-Step Bridged Refinement is proposed.In this algorithm,a series of intermediate models is constructed to bridge different domains,and the label propagation between neighboring mo-dels is performed,through which the discriminative information is transferred from the source domain into the target one.Experimental results show that the models with similar distribution contribute to smooth transfer and make the refinement results insensitive to the initial label,and that the proposed algorithm attains a classification accuracy higher than that from other algorithms.

Sustainable Evolutionary Algorithm for Reusing Maximum Frequent Patterns

Yang Guan-ci Li Qin Li Shao-bo Zhong Yong

2011, 39(5):  113-119.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.020

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In order to make good reuse of the information precipitated in excellent individuals during the evolutionary process,a maximal frequent sequential pattern mining algorithm ( MFSPMA) is proposed,based on which a sustainable evolutionary algorithm for reusing the maximum frequent patterns is put forward and is abbreviated to MFPEA. In MFPEA,several subpopulations are adopted to provide survival space for the individuals with different
fitness levels,MFSPMA is used to extract excellent genes from the population,and new individuals with excellent gene schema are poured into the subpopulations to stabilize the inheritance of genetic information. Furthermore,a self-adaptive function is designed to adjust the population size for different problems,and a series of statistical data is used to investigate the parameters balancing the computation time and the evolutionary quality. Experimental results show that MFPEA performs good functions in maintaining information stability and avoiding premature convergence,and that it sets a new tour record,namely 3611. 496,for the xit1083 instance.

Surface Mesh Projection Algorithm Based on Intrinsic Characteristics and Energy Constraints

Peng Wei Chen Wen-liang

2011, 39(5):  120-124,159.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.021

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In order to effectively project the source surface mesh onto the target surface during the generation of a hexahedral mesh,a new algorithm of surface mesh projection is proposed based on intrinsic characteristics and energy constraints. In this algorithm,first,the source surface mesh and the target base mesh are projected onto a planar area via a mesh parameterization process. Then,the source mesh in the planar area is further mapped onto
the target base mesh based on the intrinsic characteristics and energy constraints of the mesh. Finally,the target mesh is obtained by the projection of the plane source mesh onto the target surface. Applied examples demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is of high stability and reliability,achieves the mesh projection between multiple surfaces without the self-intersection of target mesh,and is suitable for the generation of hexahedral meshes.

Biological Engineering

Basic Characteristics of Clostridium thermocellum Cultured in Unpretreated Paper Sludge

Zhu Ming-jun Li Ping Xie Wen-hua

2011, 39(5):  125-131.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.022

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In order to effectively utilize the cellulose and hemicellulose existing in paper sludge,the basic characteristics of Clostridium thermocellum ( C. thermocellum) cultured in different substrates,especially in unpretreated paper sludge,were discussed,and the corresponding cellulase and xylanase were also investigated. The results show that C. thermocellum is a potential strain for combined bioprocessing because it can directly ferment paper sludge without any pretreatment,and that,when chemical paper sludge is used as the substrate for C. thermocellum,the yield of ethanol reaches 7. 41 g /L,which is 1. 779 times that of the ethanol obtained from using commercial cellulose as the substrate,and the cellulase and xylanase activities reach 1. 92 U/mL and 1. 30 U/mL,respectively. However,in recycled paper sludge,the ethanol yield decreases to 1. 31 g /L because the fermentation is inhibited,and the cellulase and xylanase activities are respectively 1. 64U/mL and 0. 90U/mL. Moreover,it is found that the optimal temperature and pH value for cellulase are 60℃ and 5. 5,respectively,while those for xylanase are respectively 70℃ and 7. 0,and that both cellulase and xylanase possess strong adaptability to metal ions.

Isolation and Identification of Violet-Blue Pigment from Streptomyces vietnamensis

Deng Ming-rong Zhu Chun-hua Guo Jun Zhu Hong-hui

2011, 39(5):  132-137.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.023

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In order to develop natural pigments from microbes as food colorants,the production level of Streptomyces vietnamensis for violet-blue pigment was tested in different media,and such four parameters as the inoculation quantity,the culture temperature,the rotation speed and the fermentation time were orthogonally optimized.Then,the constituents of the pigment were isolated and purified by means of the silica gel column chromatography,the sephadex gel filtration chromatography,the thin-layer chromatography and the high-performance liquid chromatography,and the structure of the pigment was identified by means of the nuclear magnetic resonance and the mass spectrometry.The results show that Gauze＇s synthetic No.1 medium is suitable for the industrial production of violet-blue pigment due to its highest productivity,and that the optimal fermentation conditions are as follows： an inocu-lation quantity of 5%,a culture temperature of 30 ℃,a rotation speed of 180 r/min and a culture time of 7 d.Moreover,seven compounds,namely granaticin,granaticin B,MM44785,L-rhodinoside-deglycosylated MM44785 as well as quinizarin-derived pigments Zg,Zgg and dihydro-Zg,can be isolated and purified from the crude extract,among which dihydro-Zg and L-rhodinoside-deglycosylated MM44785 both possess novel structures.

Transformation of Polygonum cuspidatum Resveratrol Synthase Gene into Arabidopsis thaliana

Liu Zhong-yu Zhuang Chu-xiong Sheng Shu-jing Shao Li Zhao Shu-jin

2011, 39(5):  138-142.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.024

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In order to reveal the effectiveness of Polygonum cuspidatum resveratrol synthase（PcRS） gene in improving the resveratrol accumulation in foreign species,first,the plant expression vector pCAM1380-35S-PcRS was constructed and introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium tumefaciens by means of the floral dip me-thod.Next,the transformants were screened on the medium containing hygromycin.Then,the integration of PcRS gene into the transgenic plants was verified via the PCR and the Southern blotting.Moreover,independent homozygous transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana lines with genetical stability were obtained after the selection of T3 progenies,and the expression of the gene transferred into Arabidopsis thaliana was confirmed by Northern blotting.Finally,an end product,namely trans-piceid,was identified by HPLC,the content of which in 2-week-old plants being 136 μg/g（fresh weight） or 1 813 μg/g（dry weight）.

Cloning of TOR from Thellungiella halophila and Its Role in Plant Growth

Wang Zhen Wu Chun-xia Hu Yu-ting Zhang Hui Zhao Yan-xiu

2011, 39(5):  143-148.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.025

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Mammalian target of rapamycin ( TOR) plays an important role in the growth regulation and metabolism of animals and plants. In order to reveal the function of TOR in plants,TOR gene of Thellungiella halophila ( T. halophila) was cloned,and the full lengths of ThTOR cDNA and genomic DNA were obtained by polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends ( RACE) . Then,RNAi vector ThTOR-RNAi was constructed
and the transgenic lines were obtained by transforming ThTOR-RNAi into T, halophila. The results show that the full-length ThTOR cDNA contains 7836 base pairs and encodes a protein with 2479 amino acids,that a high degree of homology ( 97. 5%) exists between the proteins encoded by ThTOR and AtTOR,that the full-length ThTOR genomic DNA is of 19 162 base pairs,and that obvious phenotypes of slow growth as well as flowers and seeds abortion occur in T. halophila ThTOR-RNAi transgenic lines.

Screening of Oxygen-Tolerance Phenotypes in Hydrogen-Producing Strains of Chlamydomonas moewusii with Ultraviolet Radiation

Zhang Yan-ting Fan Xiao-lei Li Xiao-ping Guo Rong-bo

2011, 39(5):  149-153.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.026

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In order to reduce the sensitivity of hydrogenases in green algae to O₂,four mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii trains with improved oxygen-tolerance and hydrogen-evolving activities,namely Mu-1,Mu-2,Mu-3 and Mu-4,were generated via ultraviolet mutagenesis and were screened following an exposure to metronidazole and applied oxygen.Then,the screened strains were characterized by the hydrogenases activity in vivo,the respiration activity and the photosystem Ⅱ activity of algal cells.The results show that the hydrogenase activities in vivo of the four mutants are respectively 1.69,2.86,1.06 and 1.80 times that of the wild type,that the residual activities of the mutants after a treatment with 1% O₂（volume fraction） increase respectively from the original（20.00±2.47）% to（34.40±4.88）%,（32.50±2.85）%,（55.60±3.30）% and（43.10±8.73）%,and that,there are no obvious differences in photosynthesis and respiration during the growth of Mu-1,Mu-2 and the wild type.

Electronics, Communication & Automation Technology

Sequence Analysis and Structure Modeling of CYP 725A4

Meng Hai-lin Wang Jian-feng Wang Yong Zhang Si-liang Wang Xiao-ning

2011, 39(5):  154-159.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.027

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The difficulty in functional expression of CYP725A4 in heterogeneous prokaryotic hosts such as E.coli is a key bottleneck of the heterologous biosynthesis of taxol.In this paper,bioinformatic strategies were employed to analyze the hydrophobic profile and the transmembrane helices of CYP 725A4 sequence,and a molecular phylogenetic tree of CYP 725A4 was constructed.Then,based on the results,the tertiary structures of native and N-terminal truncated CYP 725A4 were reconstructed via the homology modeling,and similar operations were performed for native and truncated versions of cytochrome P450 reductase used for the functional expression of CYP 725A4.PROCHECK results show that the constructed structure models are all reliable.

Biological Engineering

Preparation and Application of Dextran-Ovomucoid Affinity Ultrafiltration Carrier

Li Cun-zhi Huang Xue-song Tang Shu-ze Li Lin Zhang Guang-wen Hu Chang-ying

2011, 39(5):  160-164.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2011.05.028

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In order to reveal the preparation mechanism of dextran-ovomucoid affinity ultrafiltration carrier and evaluate the application effect of the carrier,first,dextran T2000 ( dextran with a relative molecular mass of 2 × 106 ) was employed to synthesize a water-soluble affinity carrier after the epichlorohydrin activation,with ovomucoid as the affinity ligand. Then,the changes of infrared adsorption spectrum and ultraviolet adsorption spectrum of the affinity carrier during the preparation were investigated,and pilot study on trypsin purified by the affinity ultrafiltration was performed. The results show that the activation of dextran can be described as a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution ( SN2) process,that the adsorption isotherm of trypsin by dextran-ovomucoid carrier can be described by the Langmuir isotherm equation,that the purification factor and the activity recovery rate respectively reach 45 times and 80%,and that the affinity of the carrier to trypsin is of high specificity,which may result in excellent purification effect of trypsin by affinity ultrafiltration.