Analysis on Crosswind Effects of a High-Speed Train Breaking into a Double-Track Tunnel

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.230430

Abstract

Abstract:

Different operating environments under the action of crosswind lead to an abrupt change in the aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains (HSTs), which seriously affect the train operation safety and passenger comfort. Considering the compressibility and unsteady characteristics of flow field, a 3D numerical model including tunnel, HST and crosswind was established, and the SST k-w model was adopted to solve the problem. The accuracy of the numerical simulation was verified by comparing with the dynamic model test. It further analyzed the influence of cross wind on the flow field and surface pressure distribution around the train, and obtained the aerodynamic load change law of the train under the action of cross wind. The results show that the flow field distribution around the train is significantly affected by the crosswind. The flow field shifts to the leeward side of the train outside the tunnel, forming a longitudinal vortex starting from the tunnel entrance, while the vortex structures on the leeward side of the train disappear and form a vertical vortex at the extension entrance in the space on the windward side. Furthermore, the vortex structures in the tunnel disappear as the train enters. Before the train enters the tunnel, the aerodynamic pressure on the windward surfaces of the train is mainly positive, and the aerodynamic pressure on the leeward surfaces is mainly negative.The surface pressure of the train changes most obviously when the train enters the tunnel, and the fluctuation degree of the aerodynamic pressure decreases obviously with the train entering the tunnel. The variation of aerodynamic load is closely related to the wind environment. The side force and lift amplitude of the rear vehicle (RV) are the largest when there is non-crosswind, and the side force and lift amplitude of the head vehicle (HV) are the largest when there is crosswind. In addition, the aerodynamic performance is closely related to the marshaling position. The variation amplitudes of the side force of the HV are 4.8 and 15.4 times of that of the RV, respectively. The variation amplitudes of the lift of HV are 1.1 and 1.2 times of that of RV, respectively. And the risk of traveling safety accidents of the HV is the highest. The research results can provide a reference for the safety evaluation of HST and route selection of high-speed railway tunnels.

Key words: high-speed train, crosswind, tunnel, aerodynamic load, flow field

CLC Number:

WANG Lei, TAN Zhongsheng, LUO Jianjun, LI Yujie, LI Feilong, SHANG Suying. Analysis on Crosswind Effects of a High-Speed Train Breaking into a Double-Track Tunnel[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2024, 52(11): 141-150.

Figures/Tables 14

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t/s	列车位置
1.500	头车鼻尖驶入隧道
1.635	头车中部驶入
1.896	列车中部驶入
2.157	尾车中部驶入
2.292	尾车鼻尖驶入
3.500	列车驶入隧道117 m

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