Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (9): 142-152.doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.230579
• Traffic & Transportation Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles
CHEN Bingshuo1(), LI Yang2(
), ZHAO Xiaohua1, LIU Xiaoming1
Received:
2023-09-14
Online:
2024-09-25
Published:
2024-01-05
Contact:
李洋(1979—),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事交通管理和交通法规研究。
E-mail:yang_li009@163.com
About author:
李洋(1979—),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事交通管理和交通法规研究。E-mail: yang_li009@163.com
Supported by:
CLC Number:
CHEN Bingshuo, LI Yang, ZHAO Xiaohua, et al. Study on Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Cognitive Driving Ability in Elderly Drivers[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2024, 52(9): 142-152.
Table 1
Descriptive statistics of driver characteristics"
人口属性 | 青年人 | 中年人 | 老年人 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量 | 比例/% | 数量 | 比例/% | 数量 | 比例/% | ||
性别 | 男性 | 9 | 75 | 4 | 50 | 15 | 83.33 |
女性 | 3 | 25 | 4 | 50 | 3 | 16.67 | |
年龄/岁 | 18~24 | 9 | 75 | ||||
25~34 | 3 | 25 | |||||
35~44 | 4 | 50 | |||||
45~54 | 4 | 50 | |||||
60~64 | 8 | 44.44 | |||||
65~69 | 7 | 38.89 | |||||
70~74 | 3 | 16.67 | |||||
驾龄/a | <3 | 4 | 33.33 | ||||
4~5 | 6 | 50.00 | |||||
6~10 | 2 | 16.67 | 2 | 25 | |||
>10 | 6 | 75 | 18 | 100 | |||
教育 水平 | 初中及以下 | 5 | 27.78 | ||||
高中 | 7 | 87.50 | 9 | 50.00 | |||
大学 | 4 | 33.33 | 1 | 12.50 | 3 | 16.67 | |
研究生及以上 | 8 | 66.67 | 1 | 5.55 |
Table 2
Experimental events and research indicators"
事件 | 事件内容 | 考察功能 | 分析指标 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
前车突然变道 | 城市道路上,当实验车行驶在指定路段上,与冲突车的碰撞时间为2.5 s时,右前方的冲突车突然向左变道到实验车正前方车道上 | 注意反应能力:驾驶人及时注意到前车变道的风险并迅速做出反应的能力 | 刹车反应时间:从前车左转向灯亮到被试踩下刹车的时间间隔 | 参考文献[ 参考文献[ |
按50 km/h 行驶 | 城市道路上,当实验车行驶到该事件路段区域的起点时,导航语音提醒驾驶人“前方道路请按50 km/h的速度行驶”。当实验车驶出该事件路段区域时,导航语音提醒驾驶人“前方道路解除50 km/h的速度要求” | 执行处理能力:驾驶人实现预定目标(按50 km/h速度驾驶)的控制操作能力 | 实际驾驶速度:在指定按50 km/h速度行驶的路段,被试实际的行驶速度 | 参考文献[ 参考文献[ 参考文献[ |
路侧占道晒粮 | 农村道路上,当实验车行驶到指定路段上,发现右前方有一片占道晾晒的粮食,仅剩下一段狭窄的道路空间可驾驶通过 | 空间感知能力:驾驶人识别和解释感官信息,感知空间环境(车辆通过时不压到路面晾晒的谷物)的能力 | 横向安全距离:被试驾驶通过时,车轮距离路面晾晒的谷物的最小距离值 | 参考文献[ 参考文献[ |
Table 5
Cognitive driving behavior evaluation indicators and classification standards"
等级 | 刹车反应时间/s | 实际驾驶速度/(km·h-1) | 横向安全距离/m |
---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ级 | 0~2.5 | 45~55 | 0~0.7 |
Ⅱ级 | >2.5 | >55或<45 | >0.7 |
分类 标准 | 参考美国国家公路与运输协会文件,驾驶人充分感知并对危险作出反应的总时间为2.5 s[ | 参考《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》超速处罚规定,时速超过限定时速不到10%的,给予警告,不处罚款 | 根据实验场景预留出的0.7 m路侧安全空间确定。在此范围内,驾驶车辆不会压到道路实线且不会压到晾晒的粮食 |
Table 6
Cognitive driving behavior index under different classifications"
变量 | 认知驾驶行为指数值 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
子分类 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 平均值 | 标准差 | |
年龄 | 青年人 | 0.009 | 0.351 | 0.150 | 0.117 |
中年人 | 0.080 | 0.332 | 0.205 | 0.078 | |
老年人 | 0.000 | 0.473 | 0.182 | 0.155 | |
周驾驶 频率 | 低 | 0.000 | 0.473 | 0.125 | 0.149 |
中 | 0.000 | 0.332 | 0.076 | 0.099 | |
高 | 0.080 | 0.230 | 0.046 | 0.065 | |
自我 调节 | 低 | 0.000 | 0.473 | 0.118 | 0.147 |
中 | 0.000 | 0.351 | 0.093 | 0.113 | |
高 | 0.000 | 0.305 | 0.090 | 0.110 | |
TMT A | 认知正常 | 0.000 | 0.391 | 0.174 | 0.106 |
认知障碍 | 0.000 | 0.473 | 0.192 | 0.202 | |
TMT B | 认知正常 | 0.009 | 0.473 | 0.099 | 0.125 |
认知障碍 | 0.000 | 0.332 | 0.120 | 0.141 | |
MMSE | 认知正常 | 0.000 | 0.473 | 0.095 | 0.119 |
认知障碍 | 0.000 | 0.473 | 0.137 | 0.183 |
Table 11
Fixed effect solutions for the cognitive driving behavior index model"
模型项 | 系数 | 标准误差 | t统计量 | 显著性 | 95% 置信区间 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
下限 | 上限 | |||||
截距 | -0.119 | 0.096 1 | -1.239 | 0.226 | -0.316 | 0.078 |
年龄=青年人 | -0.105 | 0.050 2 | -2.082 | 0.047*1) | -0.208 | -0.002 |
年龄=中年人 | 0.185 | 0.068 2 | 2.718 | 0.011*1) | 0.046 | 0.325 |
年龄=老年人 | 0b3) | — | — | — | — | — |
周驾驶频率=低 | 0.194 | 0.080 6 | 2.401 | 0.023*1) | 0.028 | 0.359 |
周驾驶频率=中 | 0.067 | 0.071 3 | 0.935 | 0.358 | -0.079 | 0.213 |
周驾驶频率=高 | 0b3) | — | — | — | — | — |
自我调节=低 | 0.163 | 0.057 | 2.85 | 0.008**2) | 0.046 | 0.279 |
自我调节=中 | 0.123 | 0.056 8 | 2.165 | 0.039*1) | 0.007 | 0.239 |
自我调节=高 | 0b3) | — | — | — | — | — |
TMT B=认知正常 | 0.177 | 0.057 9 | 3.065 | 0.005**2) | 0.059 | 0.296 |
TMT B=认知障碍 | 0b3) | — | — | — | — | — |
MMSE=认知正常 | -0.119 | 0.058 4 | -2.043 | 0.051 | -0.239 | 0.000 |
MMSE=认知障碍 | 0b3) | — | — | — | — | — |
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