Preparation and Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Based CNFs/ZnO Microwave Absorbing Materials

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.230743

Abstract

Abstract:

With the continuous development of electronic information technology, electromagnetic pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the research of high-efficiency absorbing materials has received more and more attention. Using bacterial cellulose as carbon source, the study prepared CNFs/ZnO composites based on bacterial cellulose with carbonization-modification and hydrothermal two-step method, and studied the effects of zinc acetate dihydrate concentration on the microwave absorption properties of CNFs/ZnO composites. The structure, morphology and microwave absorption performance of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), cold field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and vector network analysis (VNA). The results show that CNFs/ZnO composites are successfully prepared, and the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) show an amorphous state without obvious diffraction peaks. Both carbonized and modified CNFs maintain the fine microscopic morphology of nanofibers with a three-dimensional network and porous structure of bacterial cellulose, but CNFs become crimped and the diameter of the fibers decreases significantly. In CNFs/ZnO composites, ZnO is closely attracted to the surface of CNFs or randomly inserted into the gap of CNFs. By changing the concentration of zinc acetate hydrate, the content of ZnO in the composite can be controlled, which in turn regulates the electromagnetic parameters of the composite and obtains good impedance matching. When the concentration of zinc acetate hydrate is 0.25 mol/L, ZnO is most uniformly dispersed on CNFs. At this time, the resistance loss, dielectric loss and interface polarization of CNFs and ZnO are synergistic on the three-dimensional porous network structure, which increases the multiple reflection, scattering and long-range dissipation of electromagnetic waves. The CNFs/ZnO composite prepared under this condition is a reliable composite absorbing material with the best reflection loss of -57.5 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.1 GHz, at a coating thickness of 2.8 mm and a frequency of 15.1 GHz.

Key words: bacterial cellulose, carbon nanofibers, ZnO, composite materials, microwave absorption performance

CLC Number:

TB34

LIU Pingan, LIN Baoshun, DING Huiling, et al. Preparation and Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Based CNFs/ZnO Microwave Absorbing Materials[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2024, 52(8): 138-145.

Figures/Tables 5

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Table 1

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吸波材料	最佳反射损耗/dB	带宽/GHz	最佳厚度/mm
CNFs/ZnO（0.25 mol/L）	-57.50	7.10	2.80
Fe₃O₄@AEWC^［8］	-43.70	7.52	2.50
rGO/Ni^［9］	-39.03	2.00	4.30
NPCNRs^［10］	-46.10	3.30	2.20
柚子皮基碳气凝胶^［11］	-29.50	5.80	1.70

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