华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 139-146.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2017.11.020

• 环境科学与技术 • 上一篇    

上吸式固定床气化炉处理生活垃圾时二噁英的形成与迁移

雷鸣1,2 海景3 卢加伟3 任明忠3 张素坤3 程江1†   

  1. 1. 华南理工大学 化学与化工学院,广东 广州 501640; 2. 江门市固体废物处理服务中心,广东 江门 529000; 3. 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东 广州 510655
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-04 修回日期:2017-04-18 出版日期:2017-11-25 发布日期:2017-10-01
  • 通信作者: 程江(1965-),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事传质与分离工程研究. E-mail:cejcheng@scut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:雷鸣(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事垃圾焚烧污染物排放控制研究. E-mail:celeiming@ mail.scut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51608223);广东省科技计划项目(2013B090600134);中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费资助项目(PM-zx703-201602-050)

Formation and Migration of Dioxins in Updraft Fixed-Bed Gasifier for Disposing Domestic Solid Waste

LEI Ming1,2 HAI Jing3 LU Jia-wei3 REN Ming-zhong3 ZHANG Su-kun3 CHENG Jiang1   

  1. 1.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 501640,Guangdong,China.2.Jiangmen City Disposal Service Center of Solid Waste,Jiangrnen 529000,Guaongdong,China; 3.South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,the Ministry of Environmental Protection,Guangzhou 510655,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2017-01-04 Revised:2017-04-18 Online:2017-11-25 Published:2017-10-01
  • Contact: 程江(1965-),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事传质与分离工程研究. E-mail:cejcheng@scut.edu.cn
  • About author:雷鸣(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事垃圾焚烧污染物排放控制研究. E-mail:celeiming@ mail.scut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51608223) and the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2013B090600134)

摘要: 分析了上吸式固定床气化炉处理生活垃圾过程产物中二噁英的分布特征,系统 研究了垃圾气化过程中二噁英的形成和迁移机制. 结果表明:气化炉出口烟气经湿法洗涤 和电捕焦油器净化后,其中的二噁英含量为 0. 48 ng I-TEQ/Nm 3 ,洗涤水和焦油中的二噁 英含量较高,分别为 8259. 50ng I-TEQ/L 和5941. 84ng I-TEQ/kg;垃圾气化过程中二噁英 的总排放因子为 165. 86μg I-TEQ/t-垃圾,其中96. 06%通过炉渣排放,3. 58%存在于焦油 中,仅 0. 35%随烟气排放,因此炉渣是二噁英的主要排放源,这与生活垃圾焚烧过程中二 噁英的排放不同. 二噁英的同系物分布特征表明,炉渣、洗涤水、焦油、烟气中的二噁英主 要在气化炉内合成,而不是在烟气净化过程中. 运用上吸式固定床气化炉处理生活垃圾过 程中,控制炉内二噁英的产生是减少二噁英类物质排放的关键.

关键词: 废物处理, 上吸式固定床气化炉, 生活垃圾, 二噁英, 分布特征, 排放

Abstract: The formation and migration of dioxins were investigated by analyzing the distribution characteristics of dioxins in all output products from a updraft fixed bed gasifier for disposing domestic solid waste.The results show that after the purification of the wet scrubbing coupled with an electric tar precipitator,the content of dioxins in the flue gas of the gasifier output is 0. 48ng I-TEQ/Nm 3 ,and the contents of dioxins in the scrubbing water and the tar are higher,which are respectively 8259. 50ng I-TEQ/L and 5941. 84ng I-TEQ/kg,and that the total emission factor of dioxins in the gasifier system is 165. 86μg I-TEQ/t,of which 96. 06% is emitted by the residual,3. 58% by the tar,and only 0. 35% is discharged with the flue gas.Therefore,the residue is the main emission resource of dioxins,which is obviously different from the municipal solid waste incineration.The similar distribution characteristics of dioxins in the residues,the scrubbing waste,the tar and the flue gas indicate that dioxins are generated in the gasifier chamber rather than the process of flue gas cleaning.Thus,it is suggested that the effective control of the generation of dioxins within the gasifier chamber is the key when the updraft fixed bed gasifier is used to dispose solid waste.

Key words: waste treatment, updraft fixed bed gasifier, domestic solid waste, dioxins, distribution characteristic, emission

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