华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2007, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 35-38.

• 化学化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

微波辐射下蜡质王米淀粉性质的变化

罗志刚 扶雄 罗发兴 于淑娟   

  1. 华南理工大学 轻化工研究所,广东 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2006-03-27 出版日期:2007-04-25 发布日期:2007-04-25
  • 通信作者: 罗志刚(1975-),男,讲师,博士,主要从事碳水化合物化学与工程研究. E-mail:zhgluo@scut. edu.cn
  • 作者简介:罗志刚(1975-),男,讲师,博士,主要从事碳水化合物化学与工程研究.
  • 基金资助:

    广东省科技攻关项目(2005B20401006) ;广东省自然科学博士启动基金资助项目(5300170) ;广东省粤港招标项目(2005A20302003 ) ;华南理工大学自然科学基金资助项目(E5051040)

Property Variation of Waxy Maize Starches Radiated with Microwave

Luo Zhi-gang  Fu Xiong  Luo Fa-xing  Yu Shu-juan   

  1. Research Institute of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, South China Univ. of Tech. ,Guangzhou 510640 , Guangdong , China
  • Received:2006-03-27 Online:2007-04-25 Published:2007-04-25
  • Contact: 罗志刚(1975-),男,讲师,博士,主要从事碳水化合物化学与工程研究. E-mail:zhgluo@scut. edu.cn
  • About author:罗志刚(1975-),男,讲师,博士,主要从事碳水化合物化学与工程研究.
  • Supported by:

    广东省科技攻关项目(2005B20401006) ;广东省自然科学博士启动基金资助项目(5300170) ;广东省粤港招标项目(2005A20302003 ) ;华南理工大学自然科学基金资助项目(E5051040)

摘要: 采用微波对含水量为30% 的蜡质玉米淀粉进行处理,运用扫描电子显微镜、X 射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪以及布拉本德粘度仪等对微波辐射前后淀粉的物化性质进行了研究.结果表明:经微波辐射的淀粉颗粒表面会出现小孔和凹坑;微波辐射增强了对应的X 射线衍射峰的强度,降低了玉米淀粉的膨胀皮、溶解度、冻溶稳定性以及蜂值,提高了糊化转变温度及其范围;蜡质玉米淀粉经处理后,其糊化起始温度升高,粘度降低,但粘度曲线不改变.以上结果表明,在淀粉颗粒内无定形区和结晶区的直链淀粉与直链淀粉之间、直链淀粉与支链淀粉之间会发生交王作用,产生新的不同稳定性的结晶体,从而使淀粉内部出现更加有序的结晶排列.

关键词: 微波, 蜡质玉米, 淀粉, 性质

Abstract:

Waxy maize starches wi出a moisture content. of 30% were treated with microwave radiation. The proper-ties of the native and the treated starches were then studied by using SEM , XRD , DSC and Brabender viscoamylo-graph.It is indicated that (1) after the radiation , the surfaces of the starches become porous with concavity; (2)microwave radiation enhances the X -ray intensities of the starches , decreases the swelling power , solubility , synere-sis and gelatinization enthalpy of the starches , and improves the gelatinization transition temperature and the corres-ponding range; and (3) the waxy maize starches treated by microwave is of an increased pasting temperature and a decreased viscosity with the viscosity pattem remains unchanged. The above-mentioned details reveal the interaction involving starch chains (amylose-amylose and amylose-amylopectin) in the amorphous and crystalline regions of the granules , which results in the fonnation of new crystallites with different stabilities and more ordered crystalline ar-ray in the starches.

Key words: microwave, waxy maize, starch, property