Study on the Choice of Morning Peak Departure Time of Heterogeneous Car Commuters Considering Travel Anxiety

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.220004

Abstract

Abstract:

Private car commuters were divided into two groups: group I who feel anxious about road congestion and group II who are more concerned about whether they can arrive punctually. The trip sensitivity coefficient (congestion anxiety coefficient, punctual anxiety coefficient) and the bottleneck tolerance coefficient were introduced to characterize the travel anxiety level of the two types of commuters. A new trip cost function was developed based on the standard bottleneck model and was applied to analyze indicators such as departure-rate, peak-start-end time and commuter-composition in single and shared routes. The results show that when there is only a certain type of commuters on the road, the increase of the congestion anxiety coefficient, bottleneck tolerance coefficient and punctual anxiety coefficient will reduce the total perceived travel cost of the system for commuters on a single line. The number of group II increases, the total perceived travel cost of system decreases, and the peak period shifts forward as the punctual anxiety coefficient of group II in mixed situation 1 rises; the total perceived travel cost of system falls as the bottleneck tolerance coefficient increases, while the peak period moves back. In the mixed situation 2, the congestion anxiety coefficient and the bottleneck tolerance coefficient of group I have dual effects on the number of this group, and under the combinations of different bottleneck tolerance coefficient and congestion anxiety coefficient, the attractiveness of this group exhibits three different trends: monotonically decreasing, first decreasing and then increasing, and monotonically increasing.

Key words: travel anxiety, bottleneck model, heterogeneous car commuters, congestion anxiety coefficient, bottleneck tolerance coefficient, punctual anxiety coefficient, morning peak, departure time choice

CLC Number:

U121

HU Yucong, LUO Mingming, PAN Lei, et al. Study on the Choice of Morning Peak Departure Time of Heterogeneous Car Commuters Considering Travel Anxiety[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2022, 50(11): 14-24.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1

Table 1

Mathematical symbol definition"

符号	含义
$α$ ， $β$ ， $γ$	单位拥堵、单位早到、单位晚到时间成本（满足 $γ > α > β$ ）
$t ?$	准点到达工作地的出发时刻
$ω (t)$	$t$ 时刻出发的通勤者的实际拥堵时间
$ω (t ?)$	高峰期内的最长拥堵时间^［1］
$μ$	瓶颈忍耐系数，表征通勤者心理预留的瓶颈拥堵时间的充足程度，取0到1之间的数； $μ = 0$ 表明通勤者没有预留瓶颈拥堵时间，一旦发生拥堵就开始产生堵车焦虑； $μ = 1$ 说明通勤者心理预留了充足的道路拥堵时间，即使自身遭遇最长拥堵时间也不会产生堵车焦虑
$μ ω (t ?)$	心理预期拥堵时间
$k 1$	I类通勤者的堵车焦虑系数，表征的是超出（低于）心理预期拥堵时间的单位焦虑（满足）时间成本，设 $0 < k 1 < β$
$k 2$	Ⅱ类通勤者的准点焦虑系数，表征的是迟到（早到）的单位焦虑（满足）时间成本，设 $0 < k 2 < β$
$s$	瓶颈满负荷通行能力
$t s A$ ， $t e A$	I类通勤者最早与最晚出发时刻
$t s B$ ， $t e B$	Ⅱ类通勤者最早与最晚出发时刻
$t s$ ， $t e$	标准瓶颈模型中的通勤者最早和最晚出发时刻
$t *$	工作开始时刻

Table 1

Table 2

Attributes of heterogeneous commuters"

通勤者	焦虑情绪偏好	出行敏感系数	瓶颈忍耐系数	说明
I类通勤者	瓶颈拥堵延误时间	$k 1$ （堵车焦虑系数）	$μ$	实际瓶颈拥堵时间低于心理预留拥堵时间时产生出行满足，反之产生出行焦虑
Ⅱ类通勤者	早到或迟到延误时间	$k 2$ （准点焦虑系数）		早到产生出行满足，迟到产生出行焦虑

Table 2

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Table 3

Parameter values"

参数	取值	参数	取值
$α$ /（元·h^-1）	6.4	$N$ /人	4 000
$β$ /（元·h^-1）	3.9	$s$ /（辆·h^-1）	2 000
$γ$ /（元·h^-1）	15.21	$μ$	［0，1］
$k 1$	（0，3.9）	$t *$	08：00
$k 2$	（ $k 1, β$ ）

Table 3

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

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