Location and Capacity Optimization Model of Battery-Swapped Electric Bus Charging Station

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.230198

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the electricity exchange efficiency of urban pure electric bus and reduce the construction and operation costs of charging stations, this paper studied the optimization of urban battery exchange pure electric bus charging station siting and capacity selection. Firstly, considering the operation guarantee capacity of pure electric bus exchange stations, the study established a model of the number of exchange facilities and battery reserve capacity and obtained the number of exchange stations and optimal battery configuration. Then, based on the pure electric public exchange demand, the charging station operation conditions were modeled by using queuing theory, and penalty factors were set to ensure the service quality of charging stations. A site selection and capacity model with service radius, service intensity and supply and demand balance as constraints and minimum annual total cost as the object was established, and GA, PSO and PSO-GA algorithms were applied to solve it. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the siting and capacity model was performed to obtain the effects of parameters such as charging rate and rated driving range on the siting results. The results of the case application show that the PSO-GA algorithm is better than the GA and PSO algorithms in terms of objective function and convergence speed, and the optimal number of charging stations is 30, the number of charging piles is 943, and the lowest total cost is 12 151 429 000 RMB. The rated driving range of pure electric buses is negatively correlated with the number of stations, transportation cost and construction cost; the charging rate is negatively correlated with the number of stations and construction cost and positively correlated with transportation cost, and increasing the charging rate will accelerate battery aging and reduce battery life. The research results can provide theoretical basis for the reasonable planning and operation of urban pure electric bus charging stations.

Key words: pure electric bus, electricity exchange mode, charging station, queuing theory, PSO-GA algorithm

CLC Number:

U491.1

ZHANG Wenhui, SU Jiaqi, HA Zihong, et al. Location and Capacity Optimization Model of Battery-Swapped Electric Bus Charging Station[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2023, 51(10): 126-134.

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算法	选址数量/个	充电桩总数量/个	运输成本/万元	建设成本/万元	总成本/ 万元
PSO-GA	30	943	158.630	960.466	1 215.142 9
GA	30	942	175.013	959.448	1 230.406 2
PSO	31	942	162.029	959.448	1 217.421 6

续航里程/km	选址数量/个	充电桩总数量/个	运输成本/ 万元	建设成本/ 万元	总成本/ 万元
160	45	979	237.046	997.133	1 333.893 2
200	40	968	201.225	985.929	1 285.778 8
270	30	943	158.630	960.466	1 215.142 9
350	23	918	131.981	935.003	1 160.485 0

充电速率/（辆·h^-1）	选址数量/个	充电桩总数量/个	运输成本/万元	建设成本/万元	总成本/ 万元
1.00	20	483	195.232	325.927	736.373 3
0.50	30	943	158.630	960.466	1 215.142 9
0.33	38	1 404	147.510	1 430.050	1 720.513 6
0.17	45	2 602	143.311	2 680.750	3 092.136 6

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