Abstract:

As the energy imbalance of wireless sensor networks has an impact on the network lifetime,a novel energy-balanced optimal distributed clustering mechanism is proposed by introducing a new energy-balanced index based on the standard deviation of residual energy of nodes. Then,it is transformed into a multi-objective constrained optimization problem,and an adaptive genetic algorithm with Elitist mechanism is employed to resolve this problem. Finally,in Matlab environment,the proposed clustering mechanism is compared with the clustering mechanisms respectively based on the energy consumption and the maximal number of cluster nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism guarantees energy balance and tracking accuracy and that it effectively prolongs the network lifetime.

Key words: wireless sensor networks, target tracking, energy balance, clustering, network lifetime