Abstract:

In order to increase the distribution efficiency in the quantum key distribution (QKD) process , decrease the channel requirements and finish the user identification process at the same time , a new QKD protocol with only one quantum channel is proposed , in which the sending and receiving processes of carrying photons are performed just by one of the communicators. By modulating the photon polarization in the middle part of the quantum channel ,the information to be sent can be added to the photons. Furthermore , by sharing the information with identification communicators , the unsafe classical channel in the traditional similar protocols can be avoided. The proposed protocol is a kind of polarized light-type QKD protocol with the sending and receiving processes being carried out only by one communicator. Thus , it can effectively improve the photon utilization rate and enhance the transmission security.

Key words: quantum key, key distribution, uncertainty principle, user identification, transmission efficiency