Abstract:

To address the high heat flux dissipation requirements of data centers and 5G base stations, this paper experimentally investigated the heat transfer characteristics of a fluorine pump-driven separated heat pipe heat exchanger. The study systematically examined the effects of ambient temperature, heat load, and fluorine pump frequency on the equivalent heat transfer coefficient, energy efficiency ratio (EER), and startup characteristics, combined with infrared thermal imaging analysis of the evaporator temperature field distribution. Results show that increasing ambient temperature weakens condensation driving force and circulation pressure difference, causing the equivalent heat transfer coefficient to decrease by more than 10% and EER to reduce by 37%; the fluorine pump frequency exhibits an optimal value at 60 Hz, while low frequency (30 Hz) leads to evaporator dry-out and high frequency (120-150 Hz) reduces heat transfer efficiency due to insufficient working fluid residence time; increasing heat load enhances heat transfer capacity at medium-high frequencies but deteriorates performance at low frequencies. A 60-90 Hz variable frequency startup strategy is proposed, which significantly improves system response speed and operational stability. The research findings provide experimental basis and control strategies for efficient and energy-saving applications of pump-driven separated heat pipe systems in high heat flux scenarios.

Key words: communication base station, fluorine pump, heat pipe, startup characteristics, infrared imaging, EER