Dissolution Mechanism and Kinetics Analysis of Fe From Copper Smelting Slag by Acid Leaching at Atmospheric Pressure

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240354

Abstract

Abstract:

The copper smelting slag, abundant in valuable elements such as Fe and Si, exhibits excellent secondary resource characteristics and can be utilized as a raw material for constructing high-value-added silicon-iron-based functional materials. Understanding the controllable release patterns of Si and Fe elements under acid leaching conditions and the effective separation mechanisms of mineral phases is crucial for their high-value resource utilization.This study employed HSC 6.0 to simulate the dominant species in the silicon-iron system under varying pH and potential conditions, investigating the dissolution conditions of iron-containing mineral phases in the slag and the controllable release patterns of Si and Fe elements under H₂SO₄ acid leaching conditions. The effects of acid leaching temperature, H₂SO₄ concentration, particle size, and stirring speed on Fe leaching rate were analyzed. The results indicate that acid leaching temperature and H₂SO₄ concentration have a positive impact on the Fe leaching rate, while particle size exerts a negative influence, and stirring speed has minimal effect. Under conditions of 2.0 mol/L H₂SO₄ concentration, 90 ℃ acid leaching temperature, and copper slag particle size ranging from (45, 88]μm, the iron leaching rate can reach 95.73% after 60 minutes of acid leaching. The shrinking unreacted core model was used to describe the leaching process. In the initial stage of the reaction, the reaction rate is primarily controlled by the chemical reaction process, with an activation energy of 40.99 kJ/mol, and subsequently shifts to internal diffusion control, with an activation energy of 8.70 kJ/mol. During the chemical reaction control stage, the influence indices for H₂SO₄ concentration and copper slag particle size were calculated to be 0.558 and -0.759, respectively, thereby establishing the macrokinetic equation for the atmospheric pressure leaching of copper smelting slag with H₂SO₄.

Key words: copper smelting slag, atmospheric pressure acid leaching, Fe leaching kinetics, shrinking unreacted core model, solid-liquid heterogeneous reaction

CLC Number:

X753

YAN Cuirong, ZHANG Hao, ZHOU Xintao, LUO Zhongqiu, CAI Xiunan, GAO Zimeng, SHI Jinyu. Dissolution Mechanism and Kinetics Analysis of Fe From Copper Smelting Slag by Acid Leaching at Atmospheric Pressure[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 53(3): 127-138.

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组分	含量/%		含量/%
Fe₂O₃	58.69	MgO	1.51
SiO₂	24.83	SO₃	1.29
Al₂O₃	3.84	K₂O	1.04
CaO	3.49	CuO	0.81
ZnO	1.57	其他	2.93

参数	取值
搅拌速率/（r·min^-1）	300，600^a，900
CSS初始粒径/μm	（150，300］，（88，150］，（45，88］^a，（0，45］
硫酸浓度/（mol·L^-1）	0.1，0.5，1.0^a，2.0
温度/°C	60，70，80^a，90

H₂SO₄浓度/（mol·L^-1）	含量/%								m₀/g	m_i/g	Fe浸出率/%
H₂SO₄浓度/（mol·L^-1）	Fe₂O₃	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	SO₃	ZnO	CuO	其他	m₀/g	m_i/g	Fe浸出率/%
0.0	58.69	24.83	3.84	3.49	1.29	1.57	0.81	5.48	2.00	2.00	0.00
0.1	37.20	48.02	2.79	1.12	4.14	1.42	1.06	4.25	2.00	1.38	56.03
0.5	27.42	57.54	2.82	1.22	4.20	1.01	0.88	4.91	2.00	1.17	72.34
1.0	13.20	71.02	2.55	1.27	5.46	0.78	0.74	4.98	2.00	0.86	90.21
2.0	4.84	81.18	1.43	1.25	6.68	0.21	0.67	3.74	2.00	0.80	96.66

T/K	k/（10^-3 min^-1）
T/K	化学反应控制阶段	内扩散控制阶段
333.15	12.4	12.8
343.15	24.0	13.9
353.15	32.3	15.5
363.15	58.3	17.5