Microstructure and Properties of Laser Cladding Hard Composite Coating on TC4 Surface

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.230061

Abstract

Abstract:

TC4 is widely used in aerospace field due to its high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and light weight. However, its disadvantages such as large friction coefficient and poor wear resistance greatly limit its application range. In view of the shortcomings of low hardness and poor wear resistance of TC4, a 4 kW high-power Laser4000 semiconductor laser was used to prepare different proportions of steel-based metal-ceramic hard coatings on the surface of TC4 by laser cladding technology with transition family refractory carbides HfC, TaC and ZrC as reinforcing phases and H13 steel-based powder as base powder. Then, the macro morphology, microstructure, phase composition and coating element distribution of the coatings with different proportions were compared and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS energy spectrometer, D/max-2500/PC X-ray diffractometer (XDR) and other test methods. The hardness of the coating was tested by Qness Vickers microhardness tester and the variation law of the microhardness of the cross section of the cladding sample was analyzed. The friction and wear properties of the coatings with different material components were studied by MMU-5G end friction and wear tester. The results show that the cladding layer of the specimen forms a good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. The microstructure of the cladding layer is mainly dendritic structure and block structure. The main phases of each cladding layer all contain TiC, and as the content of ternary ceramic powder increases, the content of MC also increases. When the carbide mixed powder is 15% (mass fraction), Hf_0.8Ta_0.2Fe₂ ternary alloy phase is detected in the cladding layer. When the content of ternary ceramic powder is 10% (mass fraction), the cladding grain is the smallest, the average hardness of the coating layer is the highest, and the average hardness is about 763.43 HV, 2.29 times the hardness of the substrate. When the content of ternary ceramic powder is 5% (mass fraction), the coating has the best wear resistance, and the relative wear resistance is 25%.

Key words: TC4 titanium alloy, laser cladding, cermet coating, transition carbide

CLC Number:

TG174

FU Yuming, MA Shunxin, LIU Shaofeng, et al. Microstructure and Properties of Laser Cladding Hard Composite Coating on TC4 Surface[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2024, 52(3): 10-17.

Figures/Tables 10

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材料名称	密度/（g·cm^-3）	熔点/℃	热膨胀系数/（10^-6K^-1）
TC4	4.44	1 170	9.60
H13	7.80	1 427	12.40
HfC	12.70	3 890	6.73
TaC	1.44	3 730~3 830	8.30
ZrC	6.13	3 540	6.70

试样编号	ZrC	TaC	HfC	H13
S0	0.00	0.00	0.00	100
S1	1.67	1.67	1.67	95
S2	3.33	3.33	3.33	90
S3	5.00	5.00	5.00	85

试件	类别	Ti	Fe	Al	Si	Mo	V	Cr	Mn	Ta	Zr	Hf	C
S0	点1	21.18	70.09	0.70	0.53	0.31	1.51	3.78	0.48	—	—	—	1.42
	点2	12.51	77.39	1.98	0.32	0.58	2.66	4.54	—	—	—	—	—
	点3	25.03	68.83	0.57	1.32	0.68	—	3.57	—	—	—	—	—
S1	点1	76.50	6.52	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.85	1.11	2.21	10.80
	点2	39.58	29.85	1.87	—	—	—	2.21	—	1.93	0.67	1.51	12.63
	点3	28.87	61.85	1.66		—	—	3.76	—	0.71	0.28	1.17	1.70
S2	点1	41.87	26.01	1.11	0.74	—	—	1.93	—	8.90	2.66	4.53	12.26
	点2	27.26	51.05	0.47	—	—	—	3.84	—	6.74	0.25	2.06	7.79
	点3	19.35	66.05	1.14	—	—	—	4.55	—	2.58	0.83	1.79	3.71
	点4	21.21	64.65	0.73	1.57	—	—	3.28	—	1.65	2.16	2.74	2.01
S3	点1	17.23	53.01	1.34	—	—	—	3.31	—	0.73	1.29	1.03	22.06
	点2	25.15	51.32	2.09	—	—	—	3.03	—	4.21	2.26	3.41	8.52
	点3	47.87	18.20	0.45	—	—	—	—	—	9.22	2.17	4.94	17.15
	点4	21.79	66.38	1.07	—	—	—	3.91	—	0.32	0.86	0.77	4.90

试件号	实验前质量/g		试验后质量/g		磨损量/g		相对耐磨性/%
试件号	试件	对磨件	试件	对磨件	试件	对磨件	相对耐磨性/%
基材	63.231 2	34.496 5	63.226 2	34.496 3	0.005 0	0.000 2	4
S0	58.453 7	34.469 3	58.452 3	34.469 0	0.001 4	0.000 3	21
S1	57.864 8	34.469 0	57.863 6	34.468 7	0.001 2	0.000 3	25
S2	58.332 5	34.468 7	58.331 4	34.468 6	0.001 1	0.000 2	18

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