华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (9): 86-97.doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240500

• 机械工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

水下焊接机器人磁轮吸附力多工况建模与验证

王振民, 朱彬, 迟鹏, 罗犇德   

  1. 华南理工大学 机械与汽车工程学院,广东 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-17 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-03-07
  • 作者简介:王振民(1974—),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事新型焊接电源、水下机器人制造研究。E-mail: wangzhm@scut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB3407702);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB3407703);国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20625);国家自然科学基金项目(U2141216);国家自然科学基金项目(52375334);广东省自然科学基金项目(2023B1515250003);广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515012112);深圳市科技计划项目(KJZD202309231146);深圳市科技计划项目(14029)

Modeling and Verification of the Magnetic Wheel Adsorption Force in Multiple Working Conditions for Underwater Welding Robots

WANG Zhenmin, ZHU Bin, CHI Peng, LUO Bende   

  1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2022-11-17 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-03-07
  • About author:王振民(1974—),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事新型焊接电源、水下机器人制造研究。E-mail: wangzhm@scut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key R & D Program of China(2023YFB3407702);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20625);the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2023B1515250003)

摘要:

针对磁轮吸附式水下焊接机器人作业时出现的吸附失稳问题,该文提出了一套基于质心偏移的矢量叠加磁轮临界吸附力计算方法。该方法综合考虑了传统的滑移失效、脱落失效、倾覆失效以及极少被研究的滑转失效等多种失效模式,以有效解决传统吸附力计算精度低所导致的吸附失稳问题。首先,基于机器人底盘结构,建立了4种吸附不失稳对应的静力学模型,并结合静力学耦合关系提出了矢量叠加方法,该方法充分考虑了执行机构运动过程中质心偏移对吸附稳定性的影响,可为磁轮临界吸附力的精确计算提供理论依据;然后,基于现有水下焊接机器人的永磁吸附底盘进行实例计算,通过Matlab求解静力学结果,分析最大质心偏移的底盘在不同空间角度下的临界吸附力变化规律;最后,通过搭建实验场地测试机器人在不同作业工况下的吸附稳定性。实验结果表明,基于质心偏移的矢量叠加方法能有效提高水下焊接机器人的吸附稳定性,为后续磁吸附底盘的设计和磁力优化提供了新的理论支持。

关键词: 水下焊接机器人, 永磁吸附, 静力学模型

Abstract:

To address the issue of adsorption instability encountered by magnetic wheel adsorption welding robots during underwater operation, this paper proposed a critical adsorption force calculation method for magnetic wheels based on centroid offset and vector superposition. This method comprehensively considers multiple failure modes, including traditional sliding failure, detachment failure, overturning failure, and the rarely studied skidding failure, effectively addressing the issue of adsorption instability caused by low accuracy in traditional adsorption force calculations. Firstly, based on the robot chassis structure, static models corresponding to four non-instability adsorption states were established, and a vector superposition method was proposed based on static coupling relationships. This method fully accounts for the influence of centroid offset on adsorption stability during actuator motion, providing a theoretical basis for the accurate calculation of the critical adsorption force of magnetic wheels. Then, a case study was conducted based on the permanent magnetic adsorption chassis of the existing underwater welding robots. The static analysis results were solved using Matlab and the variation law of the critical adsorption force of the chassis with maximum centroid offset at different spatial angles was summarized. Finally, an experimental setup was constructed to test the adsorption stability of the robot under various operational conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that the vector superposition method based on centroid offset can effectively improve the adsorption stability of underwater welding robots, providing novel theoretical support for the design and magnetic force optimization of subsequent magnetic adsorption chassis.

Key words: underwater welding robot, permanent magnet adhesion, static model

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