改性壳聚糖/锂皂石抗菌材料的制备及应用

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

壳聚糖（CS）和锂皂石（LAP）均为生物相容性较好的材料，通过改性可以赋予其更多生物活性。该文研究了壳聚糖季铵盐（QCS）与改性锂皂石复合抗菌材料的制备及其在洗发水中的抗菌性能。通过微波辅助过氧化氢法对QCS进行降解，制备不同分子量的QCS以提升溶解性。使用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对LAP进行有机改性，赋予其吸附马拉色菌的能力，得到带正电荷的有机锂皂石。复合材料经傅里叶变换红外光谱、Zeta电位、旋转流变仪和扫描电子显微镜等表征，证实了材料的成功制备。实验结果表明，不同分子量的QCS在水介质中表现出良好的抗菌性能，而QCS和CTAB改性LAP复合材料通过协同效应显著增强了抗菌效果。通过优化抗菌剂的添加量与比例，确定了复合抗菌剂在水介质和基础洗发水中的较优配方。在水溶液中将QCS与有机锂皂石复合材料以9∶1、5∶5和1∶9质量配比，稀释10倍后与菌液作用5 min，抗菌效果均达到100%。将QCS与有机锂皂石复合材料以9∶1的比例（总质量分数0.14%）添加到基础洗发水配方中，稀释100倍后仍保持显著抗菌效果，效能达到市售使用化学去屑品牌产品的70%以上，展示了其在实际应用中的良好前景，为开发天然、环保的抗菌材料提供了新方向。

关键词: 壳聚糖季铵盐, 改性锂皂石, 抗菌材料, 马拉色菌

Abstract:

Chitosan (CS) and laponite (LAP) are both biocompatible materials, and modification can enrich them with enhanced bioactivity. This paper investigates the preparation of a composite antibacterial material based on quaternized chitosan (QCS) and modified lithium montmorillonite, as well as its antibacterial performance in shampoo applications. QCS was degraded via microwave-assisted hydrogen peroxide oxidation to enhance its solubility, and LAP was organically modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to impart its Malassezia adsorption capability, resulting in positively charged organic LAP. The successfully prepared QCS and CTAB-LAP composite materials were characterized and validated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Zeta potential analysis, rotational rheometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results demonstrate d that QCS with different molecular weights exhibits good antibacterial performance in aqueous media, and the composite material of QCS and CTAB-modified LAP significantly enhances the antibacterial effect through synergistic action. By optimizing the dosage and ratio of the antibacterial agents, the study identified the optimal formulation of the composite antibacterial agent for use in both aqueous media and base shampoo. QCS of various molecular weights demonstrated excellent antimicrobial performance in aqueous media. The QCS and CTAB-LAP composite material exhibited a synergistic enhancement in antimicrobial effect. Optimal formulations for the composite antimicrobial agents in aqueous media and base shampoo were identified by varying the amount and ratio of the components. In aqueous solution, composite mixtures with mass ratios of 9∶1, 5∶5, and 1∶9 achieved 100% antimicrobial efficacy after 10-fold dilution and 5 minutes of Malassezia strain contact. When added to base shampoo at a 9∶1 ratio (total mass fraction 0.14%) and diluted 100-fold, the composite maintained significant antimicrobial efficacy, reaching up to 70% effectiveness compared to commercial chemical anti-dandruff products. This study highlights the potential of the QCS and CTAB-LAP composite for practical application in anti-dandruff shampoos and paves the way for the development of natural and eco-friendly antimicrobial materials.

Key words: quaternized chitosan, modified laponite, antimicrobial material, malassezia

中图分类号:

TB34

吕晓静, 温禹铭, 王小英, 胡健. 改性壳聚糖/锂皂石抗菌材料的制备及应用[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 53(8): 158-166.

LÜ Xiaojing, WEN Yuming, WANG Xiaoying, HU Jian. Preparation and Application of Modified Chitosan/Laponite Composite Antimicrobial Material[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 53(8): 158-166.

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