华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 50-61.doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.220635

• 能源、动力与电气工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

电压控制型虚拟同步发电机的高频谐振特性分析与抑制策略

李智1 刘明波1 刘辉2,宋鹏2,3 李旭东4 王帆5   

  1. 1.华南理工大学 电力学院,广东 广州 510640
    2.国网冀北电力有限公司 电力科学研究院(华北电力科学研究院有限 责任公司),北京 100045
    3.国家电网公司 风光储联合发电运行技术实验室,北京 100045
    4.中广核新能源控股有限公司,北京 100071
    5.北京电力交易中心有限公司,北京 100051
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-29 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2023-08-18
  • 通信作者: 刘辉(1975-),男,教授级高级工程师,主要从事电力系统稳定与控制研究。 E-mail:liuhtj@163.com
  • 作者简介:李智(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事电力系统稳定分析与控制研究。E-mail:lizhi18688575@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2403500);国家电网公司科技项目(4000202114068A0000)

High Frequency Resonance Characteristics Analysis of Voltage Controlled Virtual Synchronous Generator and Suppression Strategy

LI Zhi1 LIU Mingbo1 LIU Hui2,SONG Peng2,3 LI Xudong4 WANG Fan5   

  1. 1.School of Electric Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China
    2.The Electric Power Science Research Institute,State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. ,Ltd. ,(North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ),Beijing 100045,China
    3.Wind-Solar-Energy Storage Generation Laboratory,State Grid Corporation of China,Beijing 100045,China
    4.CGN New Energy Holdings Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100071,China
    5.Beijing Power Exchange Center Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100051,China
  • Received:2022-09-29 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2023-08-18
  • Contact: 刘辉(1975-),男,教授级高级工程师,主要从事电力系统稳定与控制研究。 E-mail:liuhtj@163.com
  • About author:李智(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事电力系统稳定分析与控制研究。E-mail:lizhi18688575@126.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2403500)

摘要:

虚拟同步发电机(VSG)模拟同步发电机的运行机制,引入了有功调频和无功调压控制环节,与传统电流控制型变流器不同,是一种电压控制型策略。文中立足电压控制型虚拟同步发电机控制结构和网源协调特性,构建小信号分析模型,分析在不同控制参数与电网参数场景下的振荡模态,进而掌握电压控制型虚拟同步发电机并网系统的高频谐振特性,并针对性提出高频谐振抑制策略。首先,分别建立电压控制型虚拟同步发电机、传统变流器各控制和电气环节的小信号分析模型,通过特征根分析方法,定量分析所有特征根的振荡模态和阻尼比,发现电压控制型虚拟同步发电机存在与传统变流器类似的高频振荡模态;同时分析虚拟同步发电机控制参数变化、电网强弱场景对其高频谐振阻尼作用机理。其次,基于电压控制型虚拟同步发电机控制策略,以有源阻尼方法为解决思路,提出基于电流内环前端通道引入虚拟阻抗控制策略的谐振抑制方法,抑制其高频谐振。最后,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真和RT-LAB控制器在环实验结果验证所提出的控制策略,结果表明虚拟阻抗控制环节起到有效正阻尼作用,相比于无源阻尼方法,在无需额外增加测点和外部控制量的情况下,电压控制型VSG网侧阻尼特性改善,暂态响应能力增强,高频失稳现象得到有效抑制。

关键词: 虚拟同步发电机, 小信号模型, 特征根, 高频谐振, 虚拟阻抗

Abstract:

Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) simulates the operation mechanism of synchronous generator and introduces active frequency modulation and reactive voltage regulation control link. Different from the traditional current control converter, it is a voltage control strategy. Based on control configuration and power grid and source coordination characteristics, this paper constructed small signal analysis models, analyzed the oscillation modes under variable control parameters and power system parameters. Then it obtained high frequency resonance characteristics of voltage controlled VSG and proposed suppression control strategy. Firstly, this paper established the small-signal analysis models of voltage control virtual synchronous generator and traditional flow converter control and electrical link, respectively. Through eigenvalue analysis method, the oscillation mode and damping ratio of all the eigenvalues were quantitatively analyzed, and it is found that the voltage control virtual synchronous generator has a high frequency oscillation mode similar to the traditional converter. And it analyzed the control parameter change of the virtual synchronous generator and the high frequency resonance damping mechanism of the power grid scene. Then, based on the control strategy of voltage controlled virtual synchronous generator, with the active damping method, the virtual impedance control strategy based on the current inner ring front channel was proposed to suppress the high-frequency resonance. Finally, the proposed control strategy was verified in the loop experiment results using Matlab/Simulink simulation and RT-LAB controller. The results show that the virtual impedance control link effectively plays a positive damping role. Compared with the passive damping method, in the case of no additional measuring point and external control amount, the voltage control VSG network side damping characteristics are improved, the transient response ability is enhanced, and the high frequency instability phenomenon is effectively suppressed.

Key words: virtual synchronous generator, small-signal model, eigenvalue, high frequency resonance, virtual impedance

中图分类号: