密贴下穿影响下地铁车站振动源强演变分析

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240421

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

密贴下穿作为地下工程近接施工的极端情况，将引起既有结构显著的受扰变形，直接影响结构的正常服役性能。以冻结暗挖下穿运营地铁车站为研究目标，基于车辆-线路耦合动力学方法与有限元精细化建模手段进行联合仿真，建立用于模拟滨海软弱地层中垂直交叠结构密贴下穿施工的动力有限元模型，并借助对现场运营线路的实时测试加以验证。通过将密贴下穿引起的既有线不平顺转化为轮轨动力激振施加于有限元仿真模型，计算并分析了轨道结构与隧道基础间的动力传递时频特性，进而模拟了车站振动源强在地层冻结前后及新建隧道开挖贯通阶段的演变过程。结果表明：地铁线路中轮轨激振经由轨道结构各层传递至隧道基础，进而引起结构底板及侧墙相继振动，受到传递距离及方向的影响，系统动力在传递路径中连续衰减，使得隧道侧墙振动相较于轨道道床呈现较低水平，但两者响应幅值在密贴下穿开挖导致既有线不平顺增长阶段，呈现了不同程度的提升，且轨道道床增幅更为显著；地铁车站振动源强的频率分布大多集中在200 Hz以下，其中密贴施工引起线路不平顺的主要影响频段在40 Hz以内，源强在8~40 Hz之间与不平顺幅值正相关，而隧道侧墙振动在8 Hz以下的低频区域出现了放大现象。

关键词: 地铁车站, 密贴下穿, 振动源强, 动力演变, 动力有限元

Abstract:

As an extreme case of adjacent construction in underground engineering, closely-spaced undercrossing will cause significant disturbance deformation in the existing structure, directly affecting their normal service performance. Taking the frozen, mined underpassing of an operational metro station as the research objective, a coupled simulation was conducted based on the vehicle-track dynamic interaction method and refined finite element modeling techniques，and a dynamic finite element model was established to simulate the close-proximity underpassing construction of vertically overlapping structures in soft coastal strata, which was further validated through real-time monitoring of the operational metro line. By converting the railway track irregularity induced by closely-spaced undercrossing into wheel-rail dynamic excitations and applying it to the finite element model, the time-frequency cha-racteristics of dynamic interactions between the track structure and tunnel foundation were calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, the evolution of vibration source intensity of the subway station was simulated in three construction stages: before soil freezing, after soil freezing, and after the breakthrough of the newly constructed tunnel. The results show that the wheel-rail dynamic excitation in the metro line is transmitted through the various layers of the track structure to the tunnel foundation, subsequentlly causing vibrations in the structure’s base slab and sidewalls. Due to the effects of transmission distance and direction, the system’s dynamic energy continuously atte-nuates along the transmission path, resulting in lower vibration levels in the tunnel sidewalls compared to the track bed. However, during the phase when the closely-spaced undercrossing excavation leads to increased track irregularities, the vibration amplitudes of both the track bed and tunnel sidewalls increase to varying degrees, with a more pronounced amplification observed in the track bed. The frequency distribution of vibration source intensity at metro stations was predominantly concentrated below 200 Hz. The primary frequency range of dynamic response induced by track irregularities from closely-spaced construction was below 40 Hz. Within the 8~40 Hz range, the source intensity is positively correlated with the amplitude of track irregularities, while an amplification phenomenon is observed in the tunnel sidewalls within the low-frequency range below 8 Hz.

Key words: subway station, closely-spaced undercrossing, vibration source intensity, dynamic evolution, dynamic finite element

中图分类号:

U239.5

曹洋, 施皓, 李交锋, 陶静. 密贴下穿影响下地铁车站振动源强演变分析[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 53(7): 149-158.

CAO Yang, SHI Hao, LI Jiaofeng, TAO Jing. Evolution Analysis of Vibration Source Intensity of Subway Station Under the Influence of Closely-Spaced Undercrossing[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 53(7): 149-158.

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部件	重度/（kN·m^-3）	弹性模量/MPa	泊松比
土体	19	4.19	0.33
车站结构	25	28 000	0.20
下穿通道	25	30 000	0.20
冻结土	25	150	0.20