龙脑精油切割分离及不同组分对大肠杆菌运动和生物被膜形成的影响研究

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240156

华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 125-134.doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240156

龙脑精油切割分离及不同组分对大肠杆菌运动和生物被膜形成的影响研究

范鹏辉^1,2　陈光浩¹　刘子瑞¹　蔡昕妤¹　万媛媛¹　苏健裕^{1, 2}

1.华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院，广东广州 510640；
2.广州瑞乐科技有限公司，广东广州 510555

出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2024-08-30

Study on the Separation of Borneol Essential Oil and the Effects of Its Different Components on the Motility and Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli

FAN Penghui^1,2　CHEN Guanghao¹　LIU Zirui¹　CAI Xinyu¹　WAN Yuanyuan¹　SU Jianyu^1,2

1. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China;
2. Guangzhou Ruile Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510555, Guangdong, China

Online:2025-04-25 Published:2024-08-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究龙脑精油不同组分对大肠杆菌运动和生物被膜形成的影响，采用了气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对龙脑精油原油、轻组分和重组分进行了挥发性成分的分析，研究了这三种组分对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922运动和生物被膜形成的影响。研究结果发现：龙脑精油原油、轻组分和重组分分别有27、24、19种挥发性成分，相对含量最高的挥发性成分分别为右旋龙脑(19.93%)、桉叶油醇(19.36%)、右旋龙脑(28.92%)；三种组分对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度（Minimum Inhibitory Concentration，MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（Minimum Bactericidal Concentration，MBC）为6.25 μL·mL^-1，在亚抑菌浓度下均能延缓细菌生长；在1/2 MIC和1/4 MIC浓度下三种龙脑精油均能降低大肠杆菌的泳动与丛动能力和抑制大肠杆菌的生物被膜生长，其中重组分的抑制效果最强。综上所述，分子蒸馏可以富集龙脑精油中的抑菌活性成分，能有效提高龙脑精油的附加值，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 龙脑精油, 分子蒸馏, 大肠杆菌, 生物被膜

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of different fractions of borneol essential oil on the motility and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the volatile components of borneol essential oil crude, light fraction, and heavy fraction. The impact of these three components on the biofilm formation of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was investigated. The research results showed that the crude borneol essential oil, light fraction, and heavy fraction had 27, 24, and 19 volatile components, respectively. The volatile components with the highest relative content were (-)-borneol (19.93%), cineole (19.36%), and (-)-borneol (28.92%), respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the three components against Escherichia coli were all 6.25 μL·mL^-1, and they could delay bacterial growth at sub-inhibitory concentrations. At 1/2 MIC and 1/4 MIC concentrations, all three borneol essential oil fractions could reduce the swimming and swarming abilities of Escherichia coli and inhibit the biofilm growth, with the heavy fraction showing the strongest inhibitory effect. In conclusion, molecular distillation can enrich the antibacterial active components in borneol essential oil, effectively enhancing its added value, and has broad application prospects.

Key words: borneol essential oil, molecular distillation; Escherichia coli, biofilm

范鹏辉, 陈光浩, 刘子瑞, 等. 龙脑精油切割分离及不同组分对大肠杆菌运动和生物被膜形成的影响研究[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 53(4): 125-134.

FAN Penghui, CHEN Guanghao, LIU Zirui, et al. Study on the Separation of Borneol Essential Oil and the Effects of Its Different Components on the Motility and Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 53(4): 125-134.

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龙脑精油切割分离及不同组分对大肠杆菌运动和生物被膜形成的影响研究

Study on the Separation of Borneol Essential Oil and the Effects of Its Different Components on the Motility and Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli

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