华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 118-133.doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.230757

• 智慧交通系统 • 上一篇    下一篇

雾天桥梁运行风险主动预警防控策略的改善效用

戴义博(), 赵晓华, 边扬(), 张建华   

  1. 北京工业大学 交通工程北京市重点实验室,北京 100124
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-05 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-06-14
  • 通信作者: 边扬(1980—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事交通安全、慢行交通、智能交通研究。 E-mail:bianyang@bjut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:戴义博(1998—),男,博士生,主要从事交通安全、驾驶行为研究。E-mail:daiyibo525@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1600500)

Improvement Effectiveness of Active Warning Prevention and Control Strategy for Operation Risk on Foggy Bridges

DAI Yibo(), ZHAO Xiaohua, BIAN Yang(), ZHANG Jianhua   

  1. Beijing Key Lab of Transportation,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China
  • Received:2023-12-05 Online:2024-11-25 Published:2024-06-14
  • Contact: 边扬(1980—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事交通安全、慢行交通、智能交通研究。 E-mail:bianyang@bjut.edu.cn
  • About author:戴义博(1998—),男,博士生,主要从事交通安全、驾驶行为研究。E-mail:daiyibo525@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFB1600500)

摘要:

为改善高速公路桥梁路段雾天环境下的交通运行状态,以人因为导向,提出传统交通安全设施与风险预警、动态限速、视线诱导等智能技术融合的桥梁运行风险主动预警防控策略,通过不同风险等级下防控水平的变化,充分利用设施资源,实现由静态告知向动态引导过渡的多层级、差异化防控目标。但该过程对于驾驶行为及交通运行的安全高效性是否起到改善效用尚未清晰,难以支撑其有效设计与应用。故以鄂东长江大桥为例,通过驾驶模拟测试量化评估防控策略改善效用,以验证其有效性,基于人因需求服务于防控策略配置优选与实施,进而指导实际应用具有更优的作用效果。研究综合考虑心理感受、安全效用及通行效率3个层面,通过各指标改善率实现防控策略改善效用评价。结果表明:主动预警防控策略有助于提高驾驶人自信程度并缓解紧张感,明显改善了驾驶人行为表现及交通运行状态,提高了车辆横纵向运行安全性和通行效率;对于安全效用的改善能力最强,尤其体现在纵向层面;较高亮度视线诱导策略更有利于提高安全水平,显著增加通行能力,相比于低亮度条件对于驾驶人心理感受可能存在一定负面影响,但并不明显;当桥梁能见度为100 m时,推荐智能雾天诱导灯闪烁频率为0.5 Hz,亮度为3 500 cd/m2。研究结果为防控策略在雾天桥梁的实际应用提供了必要的理论依据。提出的雾天跨江桥段运行风险主动防控的解决方案及其改善效用分析思路,为风险路段的靶向防控和治理提供借鉴。

关键词: 雾天桥梁, 主动预警防控策略, 驾驶模拟, 视线诱导

Abstract:

In order to improve traffic operation of freeway bridge sections in fog, this paper proposed a human factor-oriented operation risk active warning prevention and control strategy for bridges. This strategy integrates traditional traffic safety facilities with intelligent technologies such as risk warning, dynamic speed limits, and visual guidance. Through changes in prevention and control levels under different risk levels, the facility resources were fully utilized to achieve the goal of multi-level and differentiated prevention and control from static notification to dynamic guiding. However, it is not yet clear whether this process will improve the driving behavior and the safety and efficiency of traffic operation, so it is difficult to support the effective design and application of the prevention and control strategy. Therefore, E’dong Yangtze River Bridge was taken as an example to quantitatively evaluate the improvement effectiveness of the prevention and control strategy through driving simulation test and to verify its validity. The optimization and implementation is based on the fact that human factor needs are subjected to the prevention and control strategy, then it has a better effect in guiding the practical application. The improvement effectiveness evaluation of prevention and control strategy was realized through the improvement rate of each indicator from three aspects (psychological perception, safety effectiveness and traffic efficiency). The results show that the prevention and control strategy is helpful to improve driver’s confidence and alleviate tension; it can significantly improve the driver’s behavioral performance and traffic operation state and enhance the traffic efficiency and the safety of horizontal and longitudinal operation of vehicles; it has the strongest ability to improve safety effectiveness, especially at the longitudinal level; the higher brightness line-of-sight induction strategy is more conducive to improving the safety level and significantly increasing the traffic capacity. Compared with the low brightness condition, it may have a negative impact on the driver’s psychological feelings, but it is not obvious. When the visibility is 100 m on bridge, it is recommended that the flashing frequency of visual guidance technology is 0.5 Hz and the brightness is 3 500 cd/m2. The results provide the necessary theoretical basis for the practical application of prevention and control strategy on foggy bridges. The proposed solution and the analytical idea of its improvement effectiveness provide a reference for targeted prevention and management of risky sections.

Key words: foggy bridge, active warning prevention and control strategy, driving simulation, visual guidance

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