When wireless power transfer is used to realize the randomly-distributed multi-load real-time power supply in a space,the transfer space scale is restricted and the transfer efficiency is low. In order to solve these problems,a framework for wireless power transfer networks is proposed in this paper. Based on the topology of wireless power transfer networks,a mathematical model of the network is established to ensure high power transfer efficiency and to simultaneously implement wireless power transfer in a certain range through relay stations. Moreover,the system model of power transfer based on magnetic resonant coupling is set up and the characteristics of the transfer efficiency are discussed. In addition,according to the dynamic updating mechanism of pheromone,the ant colony algorithm is improved to control its premature convergence and ensure fast and comprehensive search in the feasible field. Simulated results confirm the feasibility of the improved ant colony algorithm in constructing wireless power transfer networks.