In order to improve the traction performance of vehicles, a mathematical model describing the acceleration process of four-wheel drive vehicles is established through the analysis of inter-axle torque distribution, and an integrated control strategy is proposed to control both the engine throttle and the inter-axle torque distribution. Then, an engine throttle control system and a current control system for inter-axle torque distribution are designed based on the PI control. Finally, a simulation is performed to compare the vehicle performances with and without traction control on both low-adhesion and docking roads. The results indicate that the proposed traction control system for four-wheel drive vehicles effectively prevents the driving wheel from excessively spinning and improves the dynamic performance of vehicles.