Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science) >

2022 , Vol. 50 >Issue 7: 136 - 143

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.210668

Power & Electrical Engineering

Influence of Vacuum Failure on Heat-Insulating Property of Cryogenic Vessels

  • Shuping CHEN ,
  • Shunbao SHI ,
  • Ming ZHU ,
  • Yang YU ,
  • Shufeng JIN ,
  • Xin WANG ,
  • Zongli WU ,
  • Xiaoyong MA
Expand
  • 1.School of Petrochemical Engineering，Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730050，Gansu，China
    2.China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute，Beijing 100029，China
    3.School of Energy and Power Engineering，Xi’an Jiaotong University，Xi’an 710049，Shaanxi，China
陈叔平（1964-），男，教授，主要从事低温贮运技术及设备研究。

Received date: 2021-10-20

  Online published: 2022-02-12

Supported by

the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0805601);the Gansu Youth Science and Technology Fund Program(21JR7RA269)

Fold

Abstract

Aiming at the vacuum failure of high-vacuum multilayer insulated cryogenic vessel, this paper established a mathematical model for calculating the heat transfer of the annular space with different vacuum failure degrees. A test platform on the vacuum failure insulation performance of cryogenic vessels was built up. The experiment used dry nitrogen as leaking gas to fill the annular space of a 120 L cryogenic vessel with 50% initial filling rate. The boil-off gas, pressure and temperature variations were analyzed when the vacuum degrees of annular space were 10-3, 1, 102, and 103 Pa. The results were verified by theoretical calculation. The result shows that the pressure rise rate, boil-off gas and the temperature of ullage in the inner vessels increase with the decrease of vacuum degree of annular space. When the vacuum degree is 103 Pa, the heat flow density of the cryogenic vessel is 1.32, 12.96, and 122.21 times of that in 102, 1 and 10-3 Pa, respectively. The maximum boil-off gas is 2.15, 9.69 and 13.77 times of that in 102, 1 and 10-3 Pa, respectively. With the decrease of the annular space of vacuum degree, the potential safety hazards of cryogenic vessels are gradually aggravated.

Key words： cryogenic vessel; vacuum failure; pressure rise rate; boil-off gas

Cite this article

Shuping CHEN , Shunbao SHI , Ming ZHU , Yang YU , Shufeng JIN , Xin WANG , Zongli WU , Xiaoyong MA . Influence of Vacuum Failure on Heat-Insulating Property of Cryogenic Vessels[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science), 2022 , 50(7) : 136 -143 . DOI: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.210668

References

1 周伟明，陈朝晖，魏蔚 ．深冷真空绝热容器标准技术发展与展望［J］．压力容器，2013，30（2）：1-14.
1 ZHOU Weiming， CHEN Zhaohui， WEI Wei ．Standard technical development and prospect of cryogenic vacuum adiabatic vessel［J］．Pressure Vessel Technology，2013，30（2）：1-14.
2 周伟明 ．低温液体运输装备行业现状与发展对策［J］．专用汽车，2004，21（2）：41-44.
2 ZHOU Weiming ．State of the art of transportable equipment for cryogen and relative countermeasures［J］．Special Purpose Vehicle，2004，21（2）：41-44.
3 王武昌，李玉星，孙法峰，等 ．大型LNG储罐内压力及蒸发率的影响因素分析［J］．天然气工业，2010，30（7）：87-92，137-138.
3 WANG Wuchang， LI Yuxing， SUN Fafeng，et al ．Controlling factors of internal pressure and evaporation rate in a huge LNG storage tank［J］．Natural Gas Industry，2010，30（7）：87-92，137-138.
4 KANDA M， MATSUMOTO K， YAMAGUCHI S ．Heat transfer through multi-layer insulation （MLI）［J］．Physica C：Superconductivity and Its Applications，2020，583：1353799/1-7.
5 LUDWIG C， DREYER M E， HOPFINGER E J ．Pressure variations in a cryogenic liquid storage tank subjected to periodic excitations［J］．International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer，2013，66：223-234.
6 罗若尹，王博，甘智华，等 ．真空完全丧失下LNG罐式集装箱的储存规律研究［J］．工程热物理学报，2021，42（8）：1930-1935.
6 LUO Ruoyin， WANG Bo， GAN Zhihua，et al ．Study on performance of LNG tank containers after insulating vacuum loss［J］．Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2021，42（8）：1930-1935.
7 SANGEUN R， GIHUN S ．Numerical study of natural convection in a liquefied natural gas tank［J］．Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology，2012，26（10）：3133-3140.
8 陈亮，梁国柱，邓新宇，等 ．贮箱内低温推进剂汽化过程的CFD数值仿真［J］．北京航空航天大学学报，2013，39（2）：264-268.
8 CHEN Liang， LIANG Guozhu， DENG Xinyu，et al ．CFD numerical simulation of cryogenic propellant vaporization in tank［J］．Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，2013，39（2）：264-268.
9 MANSU S， SANGKWON J ．Analysis of self-pressurization phenomenon of cryogenic fluid storage tank with thermal diffusion model［J］．Cryogenics，2010，50（9）：549-555.
10 秦天怡，石玉美 ．低温液体无损储存数学模型的修正和验证［J］．化工学报，2018，69（S2）：89-94.
10 QIN Tianyi， SHI Yumei ．Revision and validation of ventless storage model of cryogenic fluid［J］．Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering，2018，69（S2）：89-94.
11 WEBER C， HENRIQUES A， GROHMANN S ．Study on the heat transfer of helium cryostats following loss of insulating vacuum［J］．IOP Conference Series：Materials Science and Engineering，2019，502： 012170/1-5.
12 YANG Changhai， QU Shoujiang， MENG Songhe，et al.Steady heat transfer analysis and parameter optimization for multilayer thermal insulations［J］．Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，2006，23（4）：257-263.
12 闫长海，曲寿江，孟松鹤，等 ．金属热防护系统多层隔热材料的传热分析及参数优化［J］．南京航空航天大学学报（英文版），2006，23（4）：257-263.
13 WANG B， HUANG Y H， LI P，et al ．Optimization of variable density multilayer insulation for cryogenic application and experimental validation［J］．Cryogenics，2016，80：154-163.
14 ZONG Z， OHUCHI N， TSUCHIYA K，et al ．Experimental study on heat transfer through a few layers of multilayer insulation from 300 K to 4.2 K［J］．IOP Conference：Materials Science and Engineering，2017，171（1）：012089/1-7.
15 赵一力，陈叔平，金树峰，等 ．基于两相流的无损储存系统仿真与实验研究［J］．低温工程，2018（6）：65-71.
15 ZHAO Yili， CHEN Shuping， JIN Shufeng，et al ．Simulation and experimental study of ZBO storage system based on two-phase flow［J］．Cryogenics，2018（6）：65-71.
16 陈国邦，张鹏 ．低温绝热与传热技术［M］．北京：科学出版社，2004.
17 陈杰，张家骐，欧吉辉 ．气体稀薄效应对热流计算的影响［J］．空气动力学学报，2019，37（5）：691-697.
17 CHEN Jie， ZHANG Jiaqi， Jihui OU ．Influence of rarefied gas effect on the computation of heat flux［J］．Acta Aerodynamica Sinica，2019，37（5）：691-697.
18 PRASANTH P S， KAKKASSERY J K ．Molecular models for simulation of rarefied gas flows using direct simulation monte carlo method［J］．Fluid Dynamics Research，2008，40（4）：233-252.
19 朱传勇，李增耀，赵新朋，等 ．纳米尺度下气体导热的DSMC模拟［J］．工程热物理学报，2016，37（5）：1027-1031.
19 ZHU Chuanyong， LI Zengyao， ZHAO Xinpeng，et al ．The DSMC study on gas heat conduction in nanoscale［J］．Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2016，37（5）：1027-1031.
20 ABHIMANYU G， AMIT A， UPENDRA B ．Study of rarefied gas flows in backward facing micro-step using direct simulation monte carlo［J］．Vacuum，2018，155：249-259.
21 真空绝热深冷设备性能试验方法第6部分：漏热量测量： ［S］.
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉