The influence of the double effects of actual site and collision on the fragility of high-pier and long-span continuous rigid frame bridge was studied． A real high-pier and long-span continuous rigid frame bridge was taken as the research object，and some finite element models of the bridge were built for the various separation distances between deck and abutment based on the OpenSees software． And the bedrock seismic waves were converted into surface seismic waves according to the filtration of actual soil characteristics at the bridge location for incremental dynamic analysis ( multi-support excitation) ． The results were compared with the structural responses which do not consider the effect of actual soil filtration ( uniform excitation) ． The results show that with the increase of the width of expansion joint，the damage probability of Pier 2# ( second highest pier) under the uniform excitation is gradually becoming larger than that of multi-support excitation with the maximum difference of 0. 28． The collision effect reduces the damage probability of Pier 3# ( the highest pier) ，and the uniform excitation method underestimates the damage probability of Pier 3# in each damage stage，with an underestimation up to 0. 35． With the increase of peak acceleration of bedrock seismic wave，the probability demand value of displacement ductility coefficient of Pier 2# under the uniform excitation is gradually growing larger than that of the multi-support excitation，while the probability demand values of displacement ductility coefficient of Pier 3# under multi-support excitation are all larger than those of uniform excitation． The influence of the double effect of actual site and collision on the fragility of bridge structures depends on the heights of piers of long-span continuous rigid-frame bridge，so it should be considered synthetically in seismic design of bridge．