On basis of the first tunnel project adopting drilling and blasting method under an existing airport runways in Hubei Province in combination with the theoretical analysis of stress wave theory，numerical simulation and field monitoring，the interaction between an incident P-wave and the airport runway is discussed and the blasting vibration safety criterion for airport runway is established，of which the feasibility and the reliability are validated by a practical engineering case． Ｒesults show that: the blasting vibration safety criterion ( BVSC) determined by shear failure criterion is much greater than that determined by tensile failure criterion，indicating that tensile failure dominates the failure type of the interface; when the incident angle increases，the BVSC increases first，then decreases． And the minimum BVSC occurs in the case of normal incidence，which indicates that the case of normal incidence is the most dangerous; taking into account the importance of airport runway，1. 7 is chosen as the modifying coefficient and the BVSC of 3. 67 ～7. 91cm/s is determined according to the different incident angle; compared with numerical simulations，the BVSC obtained by theoretical analysis has a higher safety reserve．