The conventional prediction model for cycle life of lithium power batteries may generate prediction error， because it ignores the impact of the structural changes caused by electrochemical reactions． To solve this problem， the lithium iron phosphate batteries are regarded as the research objects for the study of the relationship between the internal structure and the cycle life of lithium power battery． The prediction method based on morphology and electrochemical properties is proposed． And a prediction model for cycle life of power battery ( BLPC model) is established on the basis of the morphology and electrochemical properties． The corresponding power battery cycle life test system ( BLPC system) is designed to carry out the cycle life experiment of the lithium iron phosphate batteries and verify the validity of BLPC model． The experimental results show that the new prediction method is more reliable and practical than those conventional ones．