To improve the mechanical properties and degradation performance of dolomite porcelain，we change the microstructure of dolomite porcelain by the introduction of phosphorus． Xray diffraction ( XＲD) accompanied with Ｒietveld refinement，Ｒaman spectroscopy， infrared spectroscopy ( FTIＲ) ， 31P magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( MAS-NMＲ) and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) are used to characterize the structure and properties of Pfree and P-containing samples． It is found that the content of glass phase increase obviously in the P-containing formula，and the glass phase has formed a new structure，namely，Si( Al) —O—P— O—Ca( Mg) ，which makes the ceramic connected more closely and the mechanics properties increase from 24. 99MPa to 38. 73MPa． Under acidic conditions， the P—O bonds in the glass phase is easily hydrolyzed，and the P—O—Mg is more preferentially destroyed than P—O—Ca，which accelerates the disintegration of the glass phase and greatly improves the degradation of the dolomite porcelain．