Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was modified by incorporating the lyophilized powders of plateletrich plasma (PRP) and plateletpoor plasma (PPP), and the effects of PRP or PPP on the hydration product phase, section morphology and cell response of CPC were characterized by means of XRD, SEM and cell experiments. The results show that (1) incorporating PRP or PPP does not affect the hydration products of CPC, and the final hydration product is nothing but poorly crystalline hydroxyapatite; (2) incorporating an appropriate amount of lyophilized powders of PRP or PPP into CPC greatly promotes the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on CPC; and (3) in the late stage of cell culture, incorporating a smaller amount of PRP helps to improve cell proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, it is expected that PRP and PPP can be used to improve the cell response and osteoinductivity of CPC.