Bi-Level Robust Stochastic Optimal Configuration Method for Hydrogen Energy Storage System

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240123

Abstract

Abstract:

As a clean, pollution-free secondary energy source with high energy density, hydrogen energy is an ideal energy storage carrier for large-scale consumption of new energy. The electric-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system (EHH-IES), which couples hydrogen energy storage system (HESS) and renewable energy, provides new ideas and solutions for the consumption of new energy. Therefore, this paper focused on how to put in hydrogen energy storage equipment in an economically rational way, and aims to solve the problem of reasonable allocation of hydrogen energy storage equipment capacity and consider the impact of source and load uncertainty on the operation of electrothermal hydrogen integrated energy system. This paper proposed a method for optimizing the capacity of HESS in an EHH-IES considering seasonal storage and source-load uncertainty. Aiming at the relatively large prediction error of wind power and high forecasting accuracy of electric, heat and gas loads at first, the uncertain set and sampling scenario were used to elaborate source and load uncertainty, respectively. Then a bi-level robust stochastic optimization model for configuring hydrogen energy storage considering source-load uncertainty and seasonal storage was constructed, where the upper model optimizes the capacities of devices in hydrogen energy storage with the objective of minimizing total cost of annualized investment costs and operating costs, and the lower model was constructed as a two-stage robust stochastic optimization model to simulate the optimal operation scheme of the EHH-IES under the worst scenario of output wind power in typical days. Since the model is difficult to solve directly, particle swarm optimization and column and constraint generation algorithms were used to solve this type of complex model. Finally, through the analysis of case studies of an EHH-IES, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified. The obtained solution for the optimal configuration of hydrogen energy storage system can promote the consumption of wind power and improve the economics of the system operation.

Key words: hydrogen energy storage, integrated electric-heat-hydrogen energy system, bi-level robust stochastic optimization, seasonal storage, column and constraints generation algorithm

CLC Number:

TM73

LIU Mingbo, ZENG Guihua, DONG Ping, et al. Bi-Level Robust Stochastic Optimal Configuration Method for Hydrogen Energy Storage System[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2024, 52(9): 12-23.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.5

Table 4

Dispatching cost under different uncertain adjustment parameters"

仿真场景	购能成本/万元	碳排放成本/万元	维护成本/万元	运行成本/万元
1： $Γ s W T = 0$	315.2	151.9	112.4	579.5
2： $Γ s W T = 8$	340.2	154.9	107.7	602.8
3： $Γ s W T = 24$	375.1	161.0	95.8	631.9

Table 4

Fig.6

Fig.7

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设备类型	参数	数值
电解槽	投资成本/（元·kW^-1）	2 210
	维护成本/（元·kW^-1）	0.07
	寿命/a	10
	制氢/余热回收效率	0.65/0.8
	最大配置容量/kW	2 500
季节性储氢罐	投资成本/（元·kg^-1）	250
	维护成本/（元·（kW·h）^-1）	0.07
	寿命/a	10
	充放电效率	0.95
	最大配置容量/（MW·h）	300
蓄热罐	最大容量/（kW·h）	1 000
	充放电效率	0.9
	维护成本/（元·（kW·h）^-1）	0.07
热电联产机组	最大功率/kW	1 000
	发电/热效率	0.3/0.5
	维护成本/（元·kW^-1）	0.07
燃料电池	投资成本/（元·kW^-1）	4 550
	维护成本/（元·kW^-1）	0.07
	寿命/a	10
	发电/余热回收效率	0.6/0.8
	最大配置容量/kW	2 000
常规储氢罐	投资成本/（元·kg^-1）	4 000
	维护成本/（元·（kW·h）^-1）	0.07
	寿命/a	10
	充放电效率	0.95
	最大配置容量/（MW·h）	12
燃气锅炉	最大功率/kW	1 000
	制热效率	0.75
	维护成本/（元·kW^-1）	0.07
风电机组	维护成本/（元·kW^-1）	0.07
其他	电能/天然气碳排放因子/（kg·（kW·h）^-1）	0.137/0.237
其他	碳排放价格/（元·kg^-1）	0.3

时段		购电价格/（元·（kW·h）^-1）
谷时	01：00—07：00； 23：00—24：00	0.36
平时	08：00—10：00； 16：00—18：00	0.78
峰时	11：00—15：00； 19：00—22：00	1.08

方案	EL/MW	FC/MW	HST/MWh	SHST/MWh	投资成本/万元	购能成本/万元	碳排放成本/万元	维护成本/万元	弃风成本/万元	总成本/ 万元
1	200.0	50.1	2.70	0	10.7	330.8	154.6	101.3	20.4	617.8
2	430.0	222.1	7.02	0	30.4	334.6	153.9	104.6	16.5	640.0
3	406.1	84.0	1.80	285	17.4	321.4	153.5	104.7	10.8	607.8
4	466.0	115.0	2.60	131	21.0	321.9	153.3	106.2	10.1	612.5