以天然蔗渣浆纤维为原料,利用模塑热压工艺复合成形,得到物理性能优良的纤维模塑装饰建筑材料.借助拉伸性能测试、热重分析、FT-IR等研究了影响该材料力学性能的因素.研究表明：该材料的拉伸性能主要受增强剂和阻燃剂添加量,干燥温度、时间和压力的影响;随着阻燃剂添加量的增加,材料的拉伸性能明显降低;最佳干燥温度为160℃,干燥时间为4 min;在一定施压范围内,随着干燥压力的提高,材料拉伸性能提高,合适的干燥压力为30kN.热重分析和FT-IR分析表明,材料制备过程中蔗渣浆纤维未发生明显的热解反应,化学成分也未发生变化,因此材料的微观结构对其拉伸性能具有重要影响.最后利用SEM、AFM等对材料的表面微观结构进行了表征.

 Molding decorative building material with excellent physical performances was prepared from natural bagasse fibers via the hot forming process of fiber molding.Then,based on the tensile test,TGA and FT-IR analysis,the factors affecting the mechanical properties of the material were investigated.The results indicate that the tensile performance of the material is mainly affected by the dosages of flame retardant and reinforcing agent,the drying temperature,the drying time and the pressure,that,with the increase of flame retardant dosage,the tensile perfor-mance greatly degrades,that the optimal drying temperature and time are respectively determined as 160℃ and 4min,and that,in a certain pressure range,the tensile performance improves with the drying pressure at an optimal value of 30kN.Moreover,it is found from TGA and FT-IR analysis that,as there is no obvious thermal decomposition and chemical structure change of bagasse fibers during the preparation,the microstructure of the prepared material plays an important role in the tensile performance.In addition,the surface microstructure of the material was analyzed by means of SEM and AFM.