在混凝土高碱环境中，为了提高混凝土中钢筋抗氯离子侵蚀能力，采用新型环保型有机阻锈剂——β-甘油磷酸钠保护钢筋，达到延长钢筋混凝土结构整体寿命的目的。本文通过采用电化学方法对该种有机阻锈剂作用下，不同阳离子类型的模拟孔溶液中钢筋性能演变过程进行实时监测，并获取相应的关键参数，探究了钝化时期β-甘油磷酸钠与钢筋钝化膜，以及维钝时期，β-甘油磷酸钠、钢筋钝化膜与氯离子之间的作用关系，揭示了该种有机物的阻锈机制。通过OCP、LPR以及EIS电化学测试方法得到的结果表明：β-甘油磷酸钠与钝化膜中Fe氧化物/氢氧化物通过物理化学作用进行结合，使得钢筋表面形成阻锈能力更强的保护膜，从而提高了钢筋抗氯离子侵蚀能力。4种模拟孔溶液中钢筋抗氯离子侵蚀能力分别为NaOH+0.1 mol/L β-甘油磷酸钠>饱和澄清Ca（OH）₂>NaOH>饱和澄清Ca（OH）₂+0.1 mol/L β-甘油磷酸钠；其中，NaOH，NaOH+0.1 mol/L β-甘油磷酸钠与饱和澄清Ca（OH）₂溶液中钢筋相应的临界氯离子浓度（c_crit）分别为0.02、0.07、0.04 mol/L，而饱和澄清Ca（OH）₂+0.1 mol/L β-甘油磷酸钠中钢筋未生成有效钝化膜。除此之外，β-甘油磷酸钠加入以Na⁺为主的模拟孔溶液中，将促进钢筋表面形成更致密的钝化膜，钝化膜形成速率更快，即在72 h就可形成80%以上钝化膜，阻锈效率则高达99.80%；进一步对比分析Na⁺与Ca²⁺溶液自身对钢筋抗氯离子侵蚀能力的影响可知，Ca²⁺溶液更有利于抵抗氯离子侵蚀能力，阻锈效率达到90%以上。

In the high alkaline environment of concrete, in order to improve the resistance of steel bar in concrete to chloride ion erosion, this study adopted a new environmentally friendly organic rust inhibitor-β-glycerophosphate sodium to protect the steel bar and achieve the purpose of extending the service life of reinforced concrete structures. In this study, the electrochemical measurements were used to monitor the evolution properties of the steel embedded in concrete in real time. The corresponding key parameters were obtained to explore the relationship between sodium β-glycerophosphate and steel passive film in the passivation period, as well as the relationship among sodium β-glycerophosphate, steel passive film and chloride ions during the maintenance passivation period, and then the rust resistance mechanism of this kind of organic matter was revealed. The results obtained by OCP, LPR and EIS electrochemical testing methods show that: β-sodium glycerophosphate forms a more density protective film through physicochemically interacting with Fe oxides/hydroxides on the steel surface, so as to make the surface of the steel bar form a protective film with more inhibited behavior, which also improves the resistance of the steel bar under chloride ion erosion. The resistance of the steel bar in each of the four solutions is: NaOH + 0.1 mol/L sodium β-glycerophosphate > saturated clarified Ca(OH)₂ > NaOH > saturated clarified Ca(OH)₂ + 0.1 mol/L sodium β-glycerophosphate. Among them, the critical chloride ion concentrations (c_crit) of steel bars in NaOH, NaOH + 0.1 mol/L sodium β-glycerophosphate and saturated clarified Ca(OH)₂ solutions are: 0.02 mol/L, 0.07 mol/L, and 0.04 mol/L, respectively, while no effective passive film is generated on the steel bar in saturated clarified Ca(OH)₂ + 0.1 mol/L sodium β-glycerophosphate. In addition, the addition of sodium β-glycerophosphate to Na⁺ solutions can promote the formation of a more dense passive film on the steel bar surface with a faster passivation rate. That is, more than 80% passivation film can be formed in 72 h, and the rust inhibitor rate is as high as 99.80%. Furthermore, further comparative analyses of the effects the Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ solutions themselves on the resistance of the steel bar under chloride ions erosion show that Ca²⁺ solution is more conducive to the resistance to chloride ion erosion ability, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency is more than 90%.