为了提升薄壁不锈钢结构的承载性能和耐久性，在不锈钢管内外壁粘贴碳纤维增强复合材料（Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer，CFRP）复合约束海水海砂混凝土，制得一种CFRP-不锈钢夹层管海水海砂混凝土结构。以CFRP粘贴层数和方式为变化参数，对18个短柱试件进行了单调轴心受压试验，观察了试件的受力破坏过程及形态，获取了荷载-位移曲线和材料应变分布数据，分析了试件轴压力学性能的变化规律。结果表明：内外贴CFRP能有效地提高结构的承载能力和变形能力；无CFRP和内贴CFRP试件的破坏形态均为剪切破坏，但破坏形态会随着外贴CFRP层数的增加向腰鼓破坏转变；在相同粘贴方式下，试件的承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力随着CFRP层数的增加呈非线性提高；在相同粘贴层数下，内贴CFRP的力学性能提升效果优于外贴CFRP，粘贴1层和2层CFRP时，内贴试件的极限承载力相较于外贴试件能再提高5.6%和6.7%，同时内贴1层CFRP的试件的耗能能力与外贴2层CFRP的相当；应变分析显示，在试件破坏前，CFRP与不锈钢协同工作良好。文中最后基于极限平衡法，考虑不锈钢的应变硬化效应，提出了CFRP-不锈钢夹层管混凝土柱极限轴压承载力的计算公式，并收集了73个样本的数据进行验证，发现计算值与试验值较为吻合。

In order to enhance the bearing capacity and durability of thin-walled stainless steel structures, a kind of seawater sea sand concrete-filled CFRP-stainless steel sandwich tube structure, that is, in which the inner and outer walls of stainless steel tube were pasted with CFRP (Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer) composite constrained seawater sea sand concrete, was designed. Then, monotonic static axial compression tests were carried out on 18 short column specimens, with the number of pasting layers and pasting methods of CFRP as the variation parameters. The failure process and morphology of the specimens were observed, the load-displacement curves and material strain distribution data were obtained, and the variation law of the axial compression mechanical properties of the specimens was analyzed. The results show that: (1) the internal and external CFRP can effectively improve the bearing capacity and deformation capacity of the structure; (2) the failure modes of the specimens without CFRP and the specimens with internal CFRP are both shear damage, but the shear damage will change to waist drum damage with the increase of the number of external CFRP layers; (3) with the same pasting methods, the bearing capacity, deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the specimens increase non-linearly with the increase of the number of CFRP layers; and (4) with the same pasting layers, the mechanical properties of the specimens with internal CFRP are better than those with external CFRP, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimen with one or two internal CFRP layer respectively increases by 5.6% or 6.7%, as compared with that of the specimen with external CFRP, and the energy dissipation capacity of the specimen with one internal CFRP layer is equivalent to that of the specimen with two external CFRP layers. Moreover, the strain analysis results show that CFRP and stainless steel have good cooperative performance before the specimen is damaged. Finally, based on the limit equilibrium method and by considering the strain hardening effect of stainless steel, a formula for calculating the ultimate axial compressive bearing capacity was proposed and 73 sample data were collected for verification, finding that the calculated values accord well with the test ones.