为探究微生物法提取的发酵黄精多糖 ( FPSP) 对高脂膳食小鼠血脂水平及肠道菌群的影响，通过胆固醇和胆酸盐吸附实验初步评价热水浸提和微生物法提取的黄精多糖的体外降脂能力，选择具有更好体外降脂效果的微生物法提取的 FPSP 进行动物实验。体内研究结果显示，FPSP 可显著降低小鼠体质量、脂肪指数、肝脏指数以及血清中的 TC、TG、LDL-C 水平，提高 HDL-C 水平，并显著抑制小鼠肝脏中 TNF-α 和 IL-6 的释放 ( P ＜ 0. 05) 。高通量测序分析发现，经 FPSP 干预后，在门水平上，小鼠粪便中 Firmicutes 和 Bacteroidetes 的总相对丰度增加; 在属水平上，Lactobacillus、Barnesiella 等益生菌的相对丰度增加，Clostridium XIVa、Helicobacter、Streptococcus、Alistipes 等致病菌的相对丰度降低。以上结果表明，发酵黄精多糖具有改善高脂膳食小鼠的血脂水平及调节肠道菌群紊乱的作用。

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of microbiological method extraction of fermented Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides on the improvement of blood lipid levels and intestinal flora in mice with high-fat diet． Firstly，the cholesterol and cholate sorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the in vitro lipid-lowering capacity of Polygonatum sibiricum extracted by hot water extraction and microbiological method，and fermented Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides ( FPSP) extracted with the microbiological method which has better in vitro lipid-lowering capacity was used for animal experiments． The results of in vivo studies show that FPSP can significantly reduce the body weight，fat index，liver index，serum TC，TG，LDL-C levels，increase HDL-C levels，and significantly inhibit TNF-α and IL-6 release ( P ＜ 0. 05) ． High-throughput sequencing technology analysis finds that，after the intervention of FPSP，the total relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in mouse feces increased in the phylum level; at the genus level，the relative abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Barnesiella relatively increased，and the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Clostridium XIVa，Helicobacter，Streptococcus，and Alistipes decreased． The above results show that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides can improve the blood lipid level of high-fat diet mice and regulate the intestinal flora disorders．