吹胀型铝质均热板相变传热模组的传热性能实验研究

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240534

华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (9): 149-162.doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240534

• 能源、动力与电气工程 • 上一篇

吹胀型铝质均热板相变传热模组的传热性能实验研究

甘云华¹, 谢宇恒¹, 刘锋铭², 廖月鹏¹, 李勇³

^1.华南理工大学电力学院，广东广州 510640
^2.广西自贸区见炬科技有限公司，广西钦州 535000
^3.华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院，广东广州 510640

收稿日期:2024-11-04 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-04-07
作者简介:甘云华（1979—），男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事微通道传热研究。E-mail： ganyh@scut.edu.cn
基金资助:
广西重点研发计划项目(2024AB08167);钦州市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20223605);钦州市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20242421)

Experimental Study on Thermal Performance of Phase Change Heat Transfer Module with Roll Bond Aluminum Vapor Chambers

GAN Yunhua¹, XIE Yuheng¹, LIU Fengming², LIAO Yuepeng¹, LI Yong³

^1.School of Electric Power Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510640，Guangdong，China
^2.Guangxi Free Trade Zone Jianju Technology Co. ，Ltd. ，Qinzhou 535000，Guangxi，China
^3.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510640，Guangdong，China

Received:2024-11-04 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-04-07
About author:甘云华（1979—），男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事微通道传热研究。E-mail： ganyh@scut.edu.cn
Supported by:
the Guangxi Key R & D Program(2024AB08167)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对5G通信基站高功耗模块的热管理，提出了一种蒸发腔与均热板流道相互连通的吹胀型铝质均热板相变传热模组，通过搭建性能测试平台，研究了其在不同充液率下的传热性能，分析了相变工质沸腾状态、流量分配对均温性能及散热效率的影响，同时探讨了不同侧向倾角下热源表面温度分布的变化规律。研究结果表明：在输入功率不超过400 W的条件下，随着充液率的增加，相变传热模组的总体热阻先减小后增大，在充液率为15.0%时热阻最低，最低总体热阻为0.211 6 ℃/W；适当降低充液率会使均热板底部的液态工质沸腾，从而促进气态工质在不同均热板间均衡分配，进而提高相变传热模组的散热效率及温度均匀性；在输入功率分别为350 W和400 W时，充液率从30.0%减少至15.0%时，均热板间的温度标准差分别降低40.92%和34.04%，温度均匀性显著改善；当相变传热模组倾角改变时，蒸发腔内液位的偏移会导致热源温度分布不均，且这种不利影响随着倾角的增大而加剧，当倾角为10.0°（同功率下）时，热源表面的最大温差扩大至水平放置时的11.7倍以上。

关键词: 通信基站, 铝质均热板, 相变工质, 充液率, 传热性能

Abstract:

For the thermal management of high power consumption modules in 5G communication base stations, this study proposed a phase change heat transfer module with roll bond aluminum vapor chamber, in which the evaporation chamber of the module is interconnected with the flow channels of all vapor chambers. By constructing a performance testing platform, experimental studies were conducted to investigate the heat transfer performance of the module under different filling ratios. The impacts of the boiling state and the flow distribution of the working fluid on both temperature uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency of the module were analyzed. Additionally, the variation in surface temperature distribution of the heat source under different lateral inclination angles was also explored. The research results indicate that under the condition of an input power not exceeding 400 W, as the filling ratio increases, the total thermal resistance of the phase change heat transfer module initially decreases and then increases, reaching its minimum at a filling ratio of 15.0% with the lowest total thermal resistance being 0.211 6 ℃/W. Appropriately reducing the filling ratio induces boiling of the liquid working fluid at the bottom of the vapor chambers, thereby promoting the balanced distribution of gaseous working fluid among different vapor chambers and enhancing both the heat dissipation efficiency and temperature uniformity of the phase change heat transfer module. At input powers of 350 W and 400 W respectively, reducing the filling ratio from 30.0% to 15.0% leads to a decrease in the standard deviation of temperatures among the vapor chambers by 40.92% and 34.04%, resulting in a significant improvement in temperature uniformity. When the tilt angle of the phase change heat transfer module changes, the liquid level in the evaporation chamber shifts, leading to uneven temperature distribution on the heat source surface. This adverse effect becomes more pronounced with increasing inclination. At a tilt angle of 10.0° (under the same power conditions), the maximum temperature difference on the heat source surface increases to more than 11.7 times that under horizontal placement.

Key words: communication base station, aluminum vapor chamber, working fluid, filling ratio, thermal performance

中图分类号:

TK124

甘云华, 谢宇恒, 刘锋铭, 廖月鹏, 李勇. 吹胀型铝质均热板相变传热模组的传热性能实验研究[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 53(9): 149-162.

GAN Yunhua, XIE Yuheng, LIU Fengming, LIAO Yuepeng, LI Yong. Experimental Study on Thermal Performance of Phase Change Heat Transfer Module with Roll Bond Aluminum Vapor Chambers[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 53(9): 149-162.

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仪器	型号	测量范围	精度/%
数字功率计	YB39DM	0~3 000 W	± 1
热电偶	K型（TT-K-30-SLE）	40~260 ℃	± 0.4
数据采集仪	Keysight DAQ970A		± 0.02

吹胀型铝质均热板相变传热模组的传热性能实验研究

Experimental Study on Thermal Performance of Phase Change Heat Transfer Module with Roll Bond Aluminum Vapor Chambers

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