华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2014, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 82-89.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2014.10.014

• 化学化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

毛细动力学在超亲水膜分离过程中的应用及其力学模型

袁腾1 陈卓2 刘文济1 周显宏3 涂伟萍1 王锋1†   

  1. 1.华南理工大学 化学与化工学院//广东省绿色化学产品技术重点实验室,广东 广州 510640;2.华南理工大学 轻工与食品学院,广东 广州 510640;3.东莞理工学院 化学与环境工程学院,广东 东莞 523808
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-08 修回日期:2014-07-08 出版日期:2014-10-25 发布日期:2014-10-01
  • 通信作者: 王锋(1979-),男,博士,主要从事功能性聚合物的合成与改性研究. E-mail:fengwang@scut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:袁腾(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事膜技术及含油废水处理研究.E-mail:y.teng@mail.scut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(50903031);广州市国际科技交流与合作专项(2012J5100043);华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2013ZM0072);广东省绿色化学产品技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(GC201201)

Application of Capillary Dynamics to Separation Process of Superhydrophilic Membrane and Its Mechanical Model

Yuan Teng1  Chen Zhuo2  Liu Wen-ji1  Zhou Xian-hong Tu Wei-ping1  Wang Feng1   

  1. 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering//Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; 2. School of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; 3. School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2014-05-08 Revised:2014-07-08 Online:2014-10-25 Published:2014-10-01
  • Contact: 王锋(1979-),男,博士,主要从事功能性聚合物的合成与改性研究. E-mail:fengwang@scut.edu.cn
  • About author:袁腾(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事膜技术及含油废水处理研究.E-mail:y.teng@mail.scut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(50903031);广州市国际科技交流与合作专项(2012J5100043);华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2013ZM0072);广东省绿色化学产品技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(GC201201)

摘要: 目前基于特殊润湿性的油水分离膜方面的研究大多只是针对于膜材料的制备方法和分离效率的考察,很少涉及到膜分离过程中相关的动力学过程的考察以及量化计算。文中运用毛细力学的思想考察超亲水膜分离过程的相关物理量,将基于特殊润湿性的膜材料的膜孔归类为毛细管孔道,在此基础上建立数学模型,对超亲水膜分离油水混合物中的受力情况进行了详细分析。从表面张力的角度计算分析了空气中超亲水超亲油膜在水下超疏油的原理;从毛细动力学的角度出发对膜分离过程中的毛细流动速率、毛细管总渗透速率、膜通量以及临界穿透压力等量进行了详细的计算,并通过实验进行了检验;在此基础上初步从毛细力学角度探讨了超亲水及水下超疏油分离膜的分离机理。

关键词: 毛细动力学, 超亲水膜, 毛细管, 膜分离, 力学模型, 定量计算, 分离机理

Abstract:

The current oil/water separation membrane researches based on special wettability are seldom involved in the dynamic process of the membrane separation and the relevant quantitative calculations. In this paper, by analyzing the physical quantities of the superhydrophilic membrane separation process based on the capillary mechanics and by classifying the membrane pores of membrane materials based on special wettability as capillary pores, a mathematical model is constructed, and it is used to analyze the force distribution condition in the separation process of oilwater mixture by using the superoleophilic membrane. Then, the principle of the superhydrophilic and superoleophilic membrane in the air transforming to be superoleophobic underwater is analyzed from the perspective of surface tension, and the capillary flow rate, the capillary permeation rate, the membrane flux and the critical penetration pressure in the membrane separation process are calculated based on capillary mechanics and are validated by experiments. On this basis, the separation mechanism of superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic oil/water separation membrane is preliminarily discussed based on capillary mechanics.

Key words: capillary dynamics, superhydrophilic membrane, capillary, membrane separation, mechanical model, quantitative calculation, separation mechanism