华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12): 109-118.doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.240304

所属专题: 2024年流体动力与机电控制工程

• 流体动力与机电控制工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

调节阀空蚀-冲蚀耦合磨损的仿真及实验研究

刘秀梅1(), 马雪敏1, 李贝贝1, 赵巧2, 李世扬1, 吴思宇1, 韩蕊1   

  1. 1.中国矿业大学 机电工程学院,江苏 徐州 221116
    2.中国矿业大学 大学生创新训练中心,江苏 徐州 221116
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-12 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-09-23
  • 作者简介:刘秀梅(1982—),女,博士,教授,主要从事流体传动及控制研究。E-mail: liuxm@cumt.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875559);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20242085);航空科学基金资助项目(2024M070159002)

Simulated and Experimental Investigation into Coupled Wear of Cavitation and Erosion in Regulating Valves

LIU Xiumei1(), MA Xuemin1, LI Beibei1, ZHAO Qiao2, LI Shiyang1, WU Siyu1, HAN Rui1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China
    2.College Student Innovation Training Center,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China
  • Received:2024-06-12 Online:2024-12-25 Published:2024-09-23
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51875559);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20242085)

摘要:

为探究影响煤液化调节阀服役寿命的影响因素,保障煤液化系统运行安全性和稳定性,针对调节阀内气-液-固复杂多相流问题,基于湍流模型、空化模型和离散相模型开展数值仿真,研究了阀内冲蚀磨损和空化空蚀的分布特征,获得了阀芯关键部位的空蚀-冲蚀耦合速率。通过实验再现了调节阀工作时流道内含固多相流的空蚀-冲蚀耦合磨损行为,分析了金属锡制阀芯在连续空蚀-冲蚀复合作用下的损伤形貌,采用粗糙度值定量评价了不同工况下锡制阀芯的损伤程度,探究了阀芯表面的冲击疲劳与复合损伤机制。结果表明:煤液化调节阀内空化发生的主要区域为节流口至阀芯头部的区域,空化发生的范围随着进口压力的增大而增大,空蚀强度也随之增强;不同进口压力下,阀芯表面冲蚀磨损速率的极值均出现在阀芯头部,最大冲蚀磨损速率为1.42 × 10-4 kg/(m2·s),是其他冲蚀区域的10倍以上,其原因是阀芯头部高速流体的回射流裹挟了粒子撞击阀芯头部,同时空泡的溃灭亦冲击了阀芯表面。研究还发现,长时间工作在冲蚀-空蚀耦合作用下的调节阀阀芯表面呈现沟槽和蚀点等特征形貌。

关键词: 调节阀, 固体颗粒, 空蚀, 冲蚀磨损, 数值模拟

Abstract:

In order to reveal the influence factors of regulating valve’s service life in coal liquefaction, and ensure the safety and stability of coal liquefaction system operation, numerical simulations were carried out based on turbulence model, cavitation model and discrete phase model to address the complex multiphase flow problem of gas liquid solid. In the investigation, the distribution characteristics of erosion wear and cavitation inside the valve were studied, and the coupled damage rate of cavitation erosion in key parts of the valve core was obtained. Then, the coupled cavitation erosion wear behavior of solid multiphase flow in the flow channel during the operation of the regulating valve was reproduced through experiments, and the damage morphology of the metal tin valve core under continuous cavitation erosion composite action was analyzed. Finally, the damage degree of tin valve cores under different working conditions was quantitatively evaluated using roughness values, and the impact fatigue and composite damage mechanism of valve core surfaces were explored. The results show that the main area where cavitation occurs in the coal liquefaction regulating valve is from the throttle port to the head of the valve core. The range of cavitation increases with the increase of inlet pressure, and the cavitation intensity also increases accordingly. Under different import pressures, the extreme value of the surface erosion rate of the valve core appears at the head of the valve core, with a maximum erosion wear rate of 1.42 × 10-4 kg/(m2·s), which is more than 10 times that of other erosion areas. The reason is that the high-speed fluid backflow at the head of the valve core carries particles and impacts the head of the valve core, while the collapse of bubbles impacts the surface of the valve core. In addition, it is also found that the surface of the regulating valve core, which works for a long time under the coupling effect of erosion and cavitation, exhibits characteristic morphology such as grooves and corrosion points.

Key words: regulating valve, solid particle, cavitation, erosion wear, numerical simulation

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