关键词: 模具补偿, 回弹量, 成形, 形状误差, 数值模拟

Abstract: Die compensation is the major method to suppress springback for sheet metal forming． Aiming at the limitations of iterative correction method，a die surface compensation method based on interpolation solution and finite element ( FE) simulation is proposed． By defining the functional relation between work-piece shape error and die surface deviation，the ideal die compensation quantity is solved in the work-piece forming process． In FE simulation，the grid nodes are reversely adjusted along the node connection direction，and the compensated node group is reversely processed to realize die compensation surface reconstruction． This method simplifies the 3D die surface compensation process，realizes the independent and inhomogeneous compensation in different positions， and ensures the die smoothness． The roof covering skin of railway train is chosen as the research object，the springback and shape error with different die compensation surfaces are compared． The obtained ideal die surface is utilized to guide the forming experiment，and the result shows that the formed work-piece meets the requirement of precision．

Key words: die compensation, springback value, forming, shape error, numerical simulation