华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2010, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 94-99.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-565X.2010.10.018

• 交通与运输工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

应急疏散条件下家庭集聚行为的仿真研究

安实1  崔娜2  崔建勋2   

  1. 1 .哈尔滨工业大学交通科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090; 2.哈尔滨工业大学经济与管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001
  • 收稿日期:2009-12-04 修回日期:2010-04-10 出版日期:2010-10-25 发布日期:2010-10-25
  • 通信作者: 崔娜(1981-),女,博士生,主要从事应急管理与系统仿真研究.E-mail:cuina193@yahoo.com.cn E-mail:anshi@hit.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:安实(1968-),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事应急管理与智能交通研究.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(70973032 70673016); 国家软科学研究计划项目(2009GXS5D130)

Simulation of Household Gathering Behaviors During Emergency Evacuation

An Shi1  Cui Na2  Cui Jian-xun2   

  1. 1.School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,Heilongjiang,China;2.School of Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,Heilongjiang,China
  • Received:2009-12-04 Revised:2010-04-10 Online:2010-10-25 Published:2010-10-25
  • Contact: 崔娜(1981-),女,博士生,主要从事应急管理与系统仿真研究.E-mail:cuina193@yahoo.com.cn E-mail:anshi@hit.edu.cn
  • About author:安实(1968-),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事应急管理与智能交通研究.
  • Supported by:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(70973032 70673016); 国家软科学研究计划项目(2009GXS5D130)

摘要: 被疏散者的出行行为分析是准确估计疏散路网清空时间的重要前提,也是应急疏散中的一个重要问题.文中以被疏散者的家庭集聚行为为研究对象,结合台风"莫拉克"灾害的应急背景,采用线性规划建模的思想,构造了家庭疏散集聚地点选择模型.通过引入家庭成员重要性因子,来表征疏散时兼顾家庭弱势成员的人性化考虑,并综合家庭成员集合时期望总体出行时间最少以及家庭成员彼此之间等待时间最短等优化目标,探讨应急条件下家庭疏散的出行特征.进而结合Matlab及仿真软件Starlogo,对近饱和、饱和以及过饱和3种情况下家庭集聚行为对疏散路网总体清空时间的影响展开分析.仿真结果表明家庭集聚行为将会导致疏散路网清空时长估计结果呈现出15%左右的增幅.

关键词: 应急疏散, 家庭集聚行为, 路网清空时间, 优化建模, Starlogo

Abstract:

The analysis of travel behaviors of evacuees is an important premise of the exact estimation of network clearance time,and it is also an important issue in emergency evacuation.This paper aims at the household gathe-ring behaviors of evacuees and establishes a location-choosing model for household gathering based on the linear programming modeling,with "Morakot" typhoon disaster as the emergency background.By introducing the priority factors of household members,the model gives humanistic considerations to the vulnerable household during the evacuation,and describes the travel characteristics of emergency evacuation by minimizing the total travel time of household members for gathering and the waiting time among gathering groups.Moreover,with the help of Matlab and Starlogo,the effects of household gathering behaviors on the total network clearance time in under-saturated,saturated and over-saturated scenarios are respectively simulated and compared.The results present that household gathering behaviors will lead to an increase of about 15% to the total network clearance time estimation.

Key words: emergency evacuation, household gathering behavior, network clearance time, optimization modeling, Starlogo