华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)

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基于视觉感知的柴油机单轨吊制动控制策略

许盼平1 汤裕1,2 卢昊1,2 陈明辉1  朱真才1,2  沈刚3  解辉3  凌疆语1   

  1. 1. 中国矿业大学 机电工程学院,江苏 徐州  221000;

    2. 中国矿业大学 智能采矿装备技术全国重点实验室,江苏 徐州  221000;

    3. 安徽理工大学 机电工程学院,安徽 淮南  232000

  • 发布日期:2025-11-14

Braking Control Strategy for Diesel Monorail Crane Using Visual Perception

XU Panping1 TANG Yu1,2 LU Hao1,2 CHEN Minghui1 ZHU Zhencai1,2 SHEN Gang3 XIE Hui3 LING Jiangyu1   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu;

    2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Mining Equipment Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu;

    3. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Huainan 232000, Anhui

  • Published:2025-11-14

摘要:

柴油机单轨吊是用于煤矿巷道中设备、人员和物料运输的主要设备之一,具有运输能力大、巷道适应性强、连续运输距离长等优势,可大幅提升煤矿井下运输效率,而合理的制动控制策略是其安全高效运行的根本保证。为此,提出了一种基于视觉感知的柴油机单轨吊制动控制策略,以提升柴油机单轨吊制动过程安全性和平稳性。首先,构建了基于双目相机的单轨吊运行前方行人障碍物检测识别方案,借助视觉检测和立体匹配算法实现单轨吊运行前方行人障碍物识别及实时距离测量;其次,基于实时检测得到的行人障碍物距离信息,结合单轨吊当前运行速度信息和单轨吊载重情况,考虑制动停车距离和制动减速度要求,设计了不同工况下柴油机单轨吊总体制动控制策略;然后,针对柴油机单轨吊制动过程运行状态控制问题,考虑单轨吊运行过程不确定性扰动,构建了基于扰动观测器和鲁棒反步控制原理的柴油机单轨吊泵控马达系统运行状态实时跟踪控制策略;最后,基于搭建的柴油机单轨吊制动控制模拟实验台,开展了不同行人障碍物距离、不同运行速度、不同模拟负载等工况下基于视觉感知的柴油机单轨吊制动控制实验验证。实验结果表明,行人障碍物的真实距离测量误差控制在4.4%以内,提出的基于视觉感知的单轨吊制动控制策略能够有效提高柴油机单轨吊制动过程的安全性和平稳性。

关键词: 柴油机单轨吊, 视觉感知, 行人测距, 制动控制

Abstract:

Diesel monorail crane is one of the main equipment used for the transportation of equipment, personnel and materials in coal mine roadway. It has the advantages of large transportation capacity, strong adaptability of roadway, long continuous transportation distance, etc., which can greatly improve the underground transportation efficiency of coal mines, and reasonable braking control strategy is the fundamental guarantee of safe and efficient operation for monorail cranes. Therefore, a braking control strategy using visual perception is proposed to improve the braking safety and stability for monorail cranes. Firstly, a detection and recognition scheme of pedestrian obstacles in front of monorail cranes is constructed by binocular cameras, and the obstacle recognition and real-time distance measurement are realized with the help of visual detection and stereo matching algorithm. Secondly, with the real time obtained pedestrian obstacle distance information, the current running speed information and the load condition of monorail cranes, the overall braking control strategy for monorail cranes under different working conditions is designed with consideration of the braking stopping distance and braking deceleration requirements. Then, taking the uncertain disturbance during the running process into account, a real-time tracking control strategy of pump-controlled-motor system for monorail cranes is constructed using the disturbance observer and robust reverse step control principle. Finally, experimental verifications of the braking control strategy using visual perception for monorail cranes under different pedestrian obstacle distances, running speeds and simulated loads are carried out on the basis of a simulated monorail crane braking control test rig. The experimental results indicate that the real time distance measurement error of pedestrian obstacles is controlled within 4.4%, and the proposed braking control strategy using visual perception can effectively improve the safety and stability of monorail crane braking process.

Key words: diesel monorail crane, visual perception, pedestrian distance measurement, braking control