大幅薄壁铝合金淬火温度均匀性数值模拟分析及参数优化

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250218

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探索大幅薄壁多腔铝合金在淬火温度不均匀性影响，旨在探究工艺参数影响规律并制定优化方案。基于Workbench平台建立淬火过程数值模型，系统分析淬火方式、冷却强度、喷嘴间距及运行速度对温度场的影响规律，进而采用响应面法对关键工艺参数进行多目标优化。研究表明，分级淬火方式能有效提升温度场均匀性并满足临界冷却速度要求。随着强冷区冷却强度增大，型材冷却速度增加，而温度场均匀性下降。随着强冷区纵向喷嘴间距增大，型材在强冷区中的温度差降低，同时也使得型材冷却速度下降。随着型材运行速度变大，型材冷却速度呈先上升后下降的趋势。采用响应面优化法探究强冷区冷却强度系数、型材运行速度和强冷区纵向喷嘴间距对型材冷却速度的影响规律，得到该型材最优的工艺参数。优化后方案通过在强冷区采用气雾与强喷气交替冷却模式，成功降低淬火温差并消除了温度回升现象。

关键词: 铝合金, 淬火, 温度均匀性, 临界冷却速度, 多目标优化

Abstract:

To explore the influence of the non-uniformity of quenching temperature on large-sized thin-walled multi-chamber aluminum alloys, this study aims to investigate the influence patterns of process parameters and develop an optimization strategy. A numerical model of the quenching process was established based on the Workbench software platform to analyze the effects of quenching methods, the strength of the cooling zone, the nozzle spacing, and operating speed affect the temperature field during the quenching process. Subsequently, a response surface method was employed to perform multi-objective optimization of key process parameters. The research results show that the use of stepped quenching can improve the uniformity of the temperature field during the quenching of profiles and ensure the critical cooling rate in the sensitive area. As the cooling intensity of the strong cooling zone increases, the cooling rate of the profile increases, while the uniformity of the temperature field decreases. As the longitudinal nozzle spacing in the strong cooling zone increases, the temperature difference of the profile in the strong cooling zone decreases, and at the same time, the cooling rate of the profile also slows down. As the running speed of the profile increases, the cooling rate of the profile shows a trend of first rising and then falling. The response surface optimization method was adopted to explore the influence laws of the cooling intensity coefficient of the strong cooling zone, the running speed of the profile and the longitudinal nozzle spacing of the strong cooling zone on the cooling rate of the profile, and the optimal process parameters of the profile were obtained. The optimized scheme successfully reduced the quenching temperature difference and eliminated temperature recovery by employing an alternating cooling mode of mist and high-intensity jet cooling in the intensive cooling zone.

Key words: aluminum alloy, quenching, temperature uniformity, critical cooling rate, multi-objective optimization

刘国勇, 舒超, 朱冬梅, 等. 大幅薄壁铝合金淬火温度均匀性数值模拟分析及参数优化[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250218.

LIU Guoyong, SHU Chao, ZHU Dongmei, et al. Numerical Simulation Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Quenching Temperature Uniformity for Large-Scale Thin-Walled Aluminum Alloy Components[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), doi: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250218.

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大幅薄壁铝合金淬火温度均匀性数值模拟分析及参数优化

Numerical Simulation Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Quenching Temperature Uniformity for Large-Scale Thin-Walled Aluminum Alloy Components

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