对于乙醇、丙二醇、盐类与水构成的三元以及四元载冷剂，采用温度-时间法，研究其组成与冻结点的关系，采用硝酸银滴定法和气相色谱法，研究多元载冷剂对食品明胶模型的渗透作用．结果表明，溶质质量分数大于45％的乙醇、丙二醇与水组成的三元载冷剂的冻结点比同质量分数的乙醇水溶液低，乙醇质量分数为20％～30％时，溶液的冻结点达到最低值；盐类中的NaCl对四元载冷剂冻结点下降的影响最明显；与常用的盐水及乙醇水溶液相比，乙醇、丙二醇、NaCl与水构成的四元载冷剂向冻结明胶模型的溶质渗透量最小；乙醇、丙二醇、NaCl与水构成的四元载冷剂具有冻结点低、溶质质量分数小、渗透量小等优点，更适合作为浸渍冷冻载冷剂．

In this paper, refrigerant liquids containing three or four components such as ethanol, propylene glycol, salt and water were prepared, and the relationship between the freezing points and the components of the refrigerant liquids were analyzed via the temperature-time method. Then, the impregnation of the refrigerant liquids in gelatin gel model was investigated by means of the silver nitrate titration and the gas chromatography. The results indicate that （ 1 ） when the mass fraction of the solutes is larger than 45 %, the ternary refrigerant liquid consisting of ethanol, propylene glycol and water is of a freezing point lower than that of the ethanol solution with the same solute mass fraction, especially at a ethanol mass fraction varying from 20% to 30% ; （2） NaCl has the greatest effect on the decrease of the freezing point of the quaternary refrigerant liquid ; and （3） as compared with the common salt or ethanol solutions, the quaternary refrigerant liquid consisting of ethanol, propylene glycol, sodium chloride and water is of the lowest solute impregnation capacity. Thus, it is concluded that the quaternary regrigerant liquid is more suitable for immersion chilling and freezing due to its low freezing point, solute mass fraction and impregnation capacity.