预制混凝土构件因其质量可控、施工高效，在建筑行业中得到广泛应用。蒸汽养护可有效促进早期强度的快速增长，为进一步提升预制构件在相同养护时间下的早期力学性能，本文提出预碳化处理为蒸汽养护提供晶核的新思路，借助该手段优化孔隙结构、增强微观致密性，实现混凝土抗压强度的提升。本文综合运用ICP、XRD、SEM-EDS、LF-NMR及纳米压痕等测试手段，系统探究了预碳化处理对混凝土水化产物演变及微观结构特征的影响机制，揭示了对混凝土工作性能与力学性能的作用规律。研究结果表明：预碳化过程消耗了部分C₃S与C₂S，促使碳酸钙生成，该反应在20 min趋于稳定，谷氨酸的引入可有效诱导球霰石晶型的形成。预碳化处理缩短了凝结时间，且与谷氨酸呈现协同促凝效应。在力学性能方面，预碳化处理可明显提升混凝土的早期强度，其中掺加谷氨酸组在12 h至7 d内的强度增幅达21.4%~30.8%。微观分析进一步证实，碳酸钙的生成推动了孔隙结构的细化与微观致密性的增强。综上，预碳化处理可在不延长蒸养周期的前提下实现强度提升，兼具显著的环境效益与性能优化潜力。

Precast concrete components are widely utilized in the construction industry owing to their controllable quality and high construction efficiency. Steam curing effectively accelerates early strength development; to further enhance the mechanical performance of precast elements under identical curing regimes, this study proposes a novel approach involving pre-carbonation treatment to provide crystal nuclei for the subsequent steam curing process. By refining the pore structure and increasing microstructural compactness, this method yields a notable improvement in compressive strength. A comprehensive suite of analytical techniques-including ICP, XRD, SEM-EDS, LF-NMR, and nanoindentation-was employed to systematically elucidate the influence of pre-carbonation on the evolution of hydration products and the microstructural characteristics of concrete, thereby revealing its governing effects on both workability and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that pre-carbonation consumes a fraction of C₃S and C₂S while promoting the formation of calcium carbonate; this reaction reaches a near‑steady state within 20 min. The incorporation of glutamic acid effectively induces the preferential formation of the vaterite polymorph. Furthermore, pre-carbonation shortens setting times and exhibits a synergistic acceleration effect when combined with glutamic acid. In terms of mechanical performance, pre-carbonation significantly enhances early-age strength, with the glutamic acid‑modified group showing strength increases ranging from 21.4 % to 30.8 % between 12 h and 7 d. Microstructural analyses confirm that the in-situ generation of calcium carbonate contributes to pore refinement and improved matrix densification. In summary, pre‑carbonation treatment enables strength enhancement without prolonging the steam curing duration, thereby offering both substantial environmental benefits and considerable potential for performance optimization.