考虑突发事件强度的应急配送路径建模与混合LNS优化

杭佳宇​, 汤天培, 黄笭洁

doi:10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250503

华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) >

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250503

机械工程

考虑突发事件强度的应急配送路径建模与混合LNS优化

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1. 常州大学机械与轨道交通学院，江苏常州 213164；

2. 天津大学管理与经济学部，天津 300072;

3. 南通大学交通与土木工程学院，江苏南通 226019

网络出版日期: 2026-01-23

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Modeling and Hybrid LNS Optimization for Emergency Delivery Routing Under Disruption Intensity Considerations

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1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164;

2. College of Management and Economics Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072;

3. School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019

Online published: 2026-01-23

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摘要

突发事件的复杂性与不确定性给物流配送路径动态规划和方案柔性制定提出了更高要求。为此，量化突发事件的即时特点，设计绕行、缓行及暂停行驶策略，构建了包含车辆运输成本、配送中心维护成本以及配送超时附加成本的动态路径规划模型；其次，构造破坏算子与修复算子9种随机组合对个体进行改进，设计了混合遗传大邻域搜索算法对模型求解。研究结果表明，在典型场景中动态方案较静态模型仅增加总成本2.62%。动态路径规划的适用性分析显示，突发事件影响范围小于2 km时，缓行与绕行的总成本差异不显著；影响范围大于2 km时，绕行策略的总成本显著优于缓行策略，成本差最大￥500。该方法通过动态权衡时间成本、运营成本及路径可靠性，有效提升应急物流韧性，为城市应急配送和医疗物资调度等实时决策场景提供支持。

关键词： 物流工程; 路径规划; 多目标优化; 突发事件; 大邻域搜索算法

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杭佳宇, 汤天培, 黄笭洁 . 考虑突发事件强度的应急配送路径建模与混合LNS优化[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 0 : 1 . DOI: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.250503

Abstract

The complexity and uncertainty of unexpected events pose higher requirements for dynamic planning of logistics distribution paths and flexible formulation of solutions. To quantify the immediate characteristics of emergencies, strategies for detours, slowdowns, and suspensions were designed, and a dynamic path planning model was constructed that includes vehicle transportation costs, distribution center maintenance costs, and additional delivery timeout costs; Secondly, 9 random combinations of destruction and repair operators were constructed to improve individuals, and a hybrid genetic large neighborhood search (GA-LNS) algorithm was designed to solve the model. The research results indicate that in typical scenarios, dynamic schemes only increase the total cost by 2.62% compared to static models. The applicability analysis of dynamic path planning shows that when the impact range of sudden events is less than 2 km, there is no significant difference in the total cost between slow and detours; When the impact range is greater than 2 km, the total cost of the detour strategy is significantly better than that of the slow-moving strategy, with a maximum cost difference of 500 yuan. This method effectively enhances the resilience of emergency logistics by dynamically balancing time costs, operational costs, and path reliability, providing support for real-time decision-making scenarios such as urban emergency distribution and medical material scheduling.

Key words： ; text-indent:0cm; "> logistics engineering; route planning; multi-objective optimization; unexpected disruptions; large neighborhood search (LNS) algorithm

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