在全球 “双碳” 战略推进背景下，再生沥青混合料（RAP）因能减少新原料开采与生产碳排放，成为道路工程低碳发展核心路径。当前再生沥青路面碳排放评估模型中，全生命周期评价（LCA）模型因覆盖“原材料获取-再生生产-施工-使用维护-废弃处置”全链条，成为主流方法，但存在数据标准化不足、动态关联薄弱、参数耦合机制解析不深入等局限。本文梳理 LCA 在该领域应用进展，其历经“局部核算-多维度融合-动态优化”三阶段，且需结合场景依据《IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》划分碳排放范围以提升核算适应性。同时分析了原材料与掺量、再生工艺类型、工艺因素、外部因素等对碳排放的影响，明确RAP最优掺比60%-80%、温拌技术适宜温度120-130℃等关键参数，也指出排放基础数据缺失、LCA 软件计算结果差异等问题。此外，剖析各参数影响程度，再生工艺类型影响权重最高（35%-40%），RAP 掺量次之（25%-30%），多参数耦合存在“协同增益”与“抵消损耗”现象。最后总结再生沥青路面减排优势及关键调控变量，提出构建LCA标准化体系、强化新型技术研究等未来方向，为行业低碳转型提供参考。

Under the background of the global "dual carbon" strategy, Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) has become a core path for low-carbon development in road engineering due to its ability to reduce carbon emissions from the extraction and production of new raw materials. Currently, the life cycle assessment (LCA) model is the mainstream method in the carbon emission assessment models of recycled asphalt pavement because it covers the entire chain from "raw material acquisition - recycled production - construction - use and maintenance - disposal". However, it has limitations such as insufficient data standardization, weak dynamic correlation, and insufficient analysis of parameter coupling mechanisms. This paper reviews the application progress of LCA in this field, which has gone through three stages: "partial accounting - multi-dimensional integration - dynamic optimization", and it is necessary to combine scenarios and divide the carbon emission scope according to the "IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidelines" to improve the adaptability of accounting. At the same time, it analyzes the influence of raw materials and dosage, recycling process types, process factors, and external factors on carbon emissions, clarifies key parameters such as the optimal RAP dosage of 60%-80% and the suitable temperature of warm-mix technology of 120-130℃, and also points out problems such as the lack of basic emission data and differences in LCA software calculation results. In addition, it analyzes the degree of influence of each parameter, with the recycling process type having the highest influence weight (35%-40%), followed by the RAP dosage (25%-30%), and there are "synergistic gains" and "offset losses" phenomena in multi-parameter coupling. Finally, it summarizes the emission reduction advantages and key control variables of recycled asphalt pavement, and proposes future directions such as building an LCA standardization system and strengthening research on new technologies, providing references for the low-carbon transformation of the industry.