我国低等级公路里程基数大，且载重货车制动失效事故频发。为更加深入地研究低等级公路连续下坡路段货车驾驶员的制动行为，本研究基于低等级公路六轴铰接式列车的长下坡实测数据，探明复杂平纵组合下坡路段的驾驶员制动时机，分析并量化了低等级公路连续下坡路段货车驾驶员的制动行为特征，并在TruckSim仿真软件中建立了Matlab/Simulink驾驶员行为联合仿真模型，对比验证了模型的可靠性。结果表明：在平曲线路段，驾驶员受到曲线影响会在直线段末端与曲线开端路段产生相对高强度的制动行为；坡度2%~9%的直坡段上，驾驶员的制动幅度与坡度呈正相关；将曲线根据半径大小划分为急弯、中弯、缓弯，急弯入弯前的制动幅度平均值达到220mm，而中弯和缓弯下的制动踏板平均行程无明显差异，制动幅度平均值分别达到176mm和174mm。相较于以往研究中未考虑平面线形因素的制动毂温升预测模型，本研究建立的仿真模型具有更高的制动毂温度预测精度，能够为低等级公路交通安全保障加强提供理论基础。

China has a large mileage base of low-grade highways, and accidents caused by brake failure of heavy-duty trucks occur frequently. To conduct an in-depth study on the braking behavior of truck drivers on continuous downhill sections of low-grade highways, this research, based on the field-measured data of six-axle articulated trains on low-grade highways during long downhill driving, identified the driver’s braking timing on downhill sections with complex horizontal and vertical alignments, analyzed and quantified the characteristics of truck drivers’ braking behavior on continuous downhill sections of low-grade highways. Furthermore, a joint simulation model of driver behavior (integrating Matlab/Simulink) was established in the TruckSim simulation software, and the reliability of the model was verified through comparison.The results show that:On horizontal curve sections, affected by the curve, drivers exhibit relatively high-intensity braking behavior at the end of straight sections and the start of curve sections;On straight downhill sections with a gradient of 2%~9%, the drivers’ braking magnitude is positively correlated with the gradient;When curves are classified into sharp curves, medium curves, and gentle curves based on radius, the average braking magnitude before entering sharp curves reaches 220 mm, while there is no significant difference in the average brake pedal stroke between medium curves and gentle curves, with their average braking magnitudes reaching 176 mm and 174 mm, respectively.Compared with the brake drum temperature rise prediction models in previous studies that did not consider horizontal alignment factors, the simulation model established in this research has higher prediction accuracy for brake drum temperature. It can provide a theoretical basis for strengthening traffic safety guarantees on low-grade highways.