冷再生机作为沥青路面再生施工的关键设备，能够实现就地再生，提高施工效率。冷再生机在喷洒泡沫沥青时，存在喷口容易积聚沥青且各喷口流量不均的问题。为解决上述问题，需提升泡沫沥青喷口压力减少沥青积聚，均衡各个喷口流量。该文从沥青发泡行为本质出发，在多相流混合理论的基础上，考虑沥青发泡过程中沥青黏变与水的相变，将沥青的黏温特性函数与水的相变函数引入计算模型，对流体体积（VOF）模型进行修正，建立沥青发泡行为控制模型。其次，数值模拟沥青发泡过程中的喷口压力与流量，并与实验进行对比，得到该沥青发泡行为控制模型在喷口压力与流量方面的误差分别为9.2%、7.7%。最后，在上述沥青发泡行为模型的基础上，构建关于泡沫沥青喷洒装置的数值仿真模型，按照设计的实验方案数值模拟泡沫沥青喷洒过程。根据模拟结果，在Isight平台中构建Kriging代理模型，进而建立以提升喷口压力、减小各喷口质量流量差为目标的多目标优化模型，并运用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对构建的多目标优化模型进行求解。最终，得到Pareto解集并对其进行分析。结果表明，当沥青管径为0.74a、发泡水管径为0.58b、泡沫沥青喷口直径为0.6c、泡沫沥青喷口个数为d时，泡沫沥青喷洒装置性能最优。在考虑沥青发泡行为特点的前提下，通过提升喷口压力，均衡各个喷口流量，提升了泡沫沥青喷洒装置性能。

As the key equipment of asphalt pavement regeneration construction, the cold recycling machine can realize cold in-place recycling and improve the construction efficiency. The cold recycling machine faces the issue of asphalt accumulating easily at the nozzle when spraying foamed asphalt, as well as uneven flow rates across the nozzles. To solve the above problems, it is necessary to increase the pressure of foamed asphalt nozzle to reduce asphalt accumulation and balance the flow of each nozzle. This article first started from the essence of asphalt foa-ming behavior, and based on the multiphase flow mixing theory, considered the viscoelasticity of asphalt and phase changes of water during the asphalt foaming process. The viscosity-temperature characteristic function of asphalt and the phase change function of water were introduced into the calculation model to modify the fluid volume (VOF) model and establish a control model for asphalt foaming behavior. Next, numerical simulations were conducted and the results were compared with experimental data. It was found that the errors of the asphalt foaming behavior control model in terms of nozzle pressure and flow rate were 9.2% and 7.7%. Based on the aforementioned asphalt foa-ming behavior model, a numerical simulation model for the foamed asphalt spraying device was then constructed, simulating the foamed asphalt spraying process according to the designed experimental scheme. Based on the simulation results, a Kriging surrogate model was constructed on the Isight platform, and a multi-objective optimization model was established with the goal of improving outlet pressure and reducing the mass flow rate difference of each nozzle. The multi-objective optimization model was solved by the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm. Finally, a Pareto solution set was obtained and analyzed. The results show that when the asphalt pipe diameter is 0.74a, the foaming water pipe diameter is 0.58b, the foamed asphalt nozzle diameter is 0.6c, and the number of foamed asphalt nozzles is d, the performance of the foamed asphalt spraying device is optimal. By considering the characteristics of asphalt foaming behavior, the performance of the foamed asphalt spraying device is enhanced by adjusting the nozzle pressure and balancing the flow rates across the nozzles.