为提高乳化剂与环氧树脂的相容性，以不同相对分子质量的聚乙二醇（PEG6000、PEG4000、PEG2000）、甲基六氢邻苯二甲酸酐（MHHPA）和环氧树脂（E44）为原料，采用两步法合成了一系列A-B-A型（A为环氧链段，B为亲水链段）结构的非离子型水性环氧乳化剂。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对乳化剂结构进行表征，并通过红外光谱分析与酸值滴定确定了该乳化剂的最佳合成工艺：PEG和MHHPA按照物质的量之比为1∶2.1进行酯化反应，温度为110 ℃，时间为3 h；然后加入与MHHPA等物质的量的E44，在催化剂四丁基溴化铵（TBAB，环氧树脂用量的1%）的作用下进行环氧开环反应，温度为110 ℃，时间为3 h。将合成的乳化剂应用于环氧树脂E44制备出水性环氧乳液，研究了乳液稳定性的多种影响因素，包括PEG相对分子质量、乳化剂含量、乳化温度和搅拌速度。综合考虑乳液稳定性、粒径及其分布等因素，发现采用PEG6000合成的乳化剂具有更好的乳化效果，其HLB值为16.5、浊点为90 ℃，优于使用PEG4000与PEG2000合成的乳化剂。当乳液固含量约为45%时，在20%的乳化剂含量下，以75 ℃的乳化温度、2 000 r/min的搅拌速度进行乳化处理，能够得到平均粒径较小且分布较窄的水性环氧乳液，其具有良好的乳液稳定性。

In order to improve the emulsifying agent compatibility with epoxy resin, a series of nonionic waterborne epoxy emulsifiers with A-B-A (A is epoxy chain segment, B is hydrophilic chain segment) structure were synthesized by two-step method using polyethylene glycol (PEG6000, PEG4000, PEG2000), methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) and epoxy resin (E44) as raw materials. The structure of the emulsifier was characterized by infrared spectrum analysis, and the optimal synthesis process was determined by infrared spectrum analysis and acid titration: esterification reaction was carried out with PEG and MHHPA in the molar ratio of 1∶2.1 under the temperature of 110 ℃ for 3 h; then E44 in the same number of moles of MHHPA was added in and the epoxy ring-opening reaction was carried out under the catalyst tetrabbutylammonium bromide (TBAB, 1% of the amount of epoxy resin) at 110 ℃ for 3 h. Waterborne epoxy emulsion was prepared by using the synthesized emulsifier on epoxy resin E44. Then it studied the effects of relative molecular mass of PEG, emulsifier content, emulsifying temperature and stirring speed on the stability of the emulsion. After comprehensive consideration of emulsion stability, particle size and distribution, the results show that the emulsifier synthesized by PEG6000 has better emulsifying effect, with HLB value of 16.5 and turbidity point of 90 ℃, which is superior to PEG4000 and PEG2000. When the emulsion solid content is about 45%, the emulsifier content is 20%, emulsifying at 75 ℃ and stirring speed of 2 000 r/min, the water-based epoxy emulsion with small average particle size and narrow distribution can be obtained, and shows good emulsion stability.