能源、动力与电气工程

电压控制型虚拟同步发电机的高频谐振特性分析与抑制策略

  • 李智 ,
  • 刘明波 ,
  • 刘辉 ,
  • 宋鹏 ,
  • 李旭东 ,
  • 王帆
展开
  • 1.华南理工大学 电力学院,广东 广州 510640
    2.国网冀北电力有限公司 电力科学研究院(华北电力科学研究院有限 责任公司),北京 100045
    3.国家电网公司 风光储联合发电运行技术实验室,北京 100045
    4.中广核新能源控股有限公司,北京 100071
    5.北京电力交易中心有限公司,北京 100051
李智(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事电力系统稳定分析与控制研究。E-mail:lizhi18688575@126.com

收稿日期: 2022-09-29

  网络出版日期: 2023-08-16

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2403500);国家电网公司科技项目(4000202114068A0000)

High Frequency Resonance Characteristics Analysis of Voltage Controlled Virtual Synchronous Generator and Suppression Strategy

  • LI Zhi ,
  • LIU Mingbo ,
  • LIU Hui ,
  • SONG Peng ,
  • LI Xudong ,
  • WANG Fan
Expand
  • 1.School of Electric Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China
    2.The Electric Power Science Research Institute,State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. ,Ltd. ,(North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ),Beijing 100045,China
    3.Wind-Solar-Energy Storage Generation Laboratory,State Grid Corporation of China,Beijing 100045,China
    4.CGN New Energy Holdings Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100071,China
    5.Beijing Power Exchange Center Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100051,China
李智(1987-),男,博士生,主要从事电力系统稳定分析与控制研究。E-mail:lizhi18688575@126.com

Received date: 2022-09-29

  Online published: 2023-08-16

Supported by

the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2403500)

摘要

虚拟同步发电机(VSG)模拟同步发电机的运行机制,引入了有功调频和无功调压控制环节,与传统电流控制型变流器不同,是一种电压控制型策略。文中立足电压控制型虚拟同步发电机控制结构和网源协调特性,构建小信号分析模型,分析在不同控制参数与电网参数场景下的振荡模态,进而掌握电压控制型虚拟同步发电机并网系统的高频谐振特性,并针对性提出高频谐振抑制策略。首先,分别建立电压控制型虚拟同步发电机、传统变流器各控制和电气环节的小信号分析模型,通过特征根分析方法,定量分析所有特征根的振荡模态和阻尼比,发现电压控制型虚拟同步发电机存在与传统变流器类似的高频振荡模态;同时分析虚拟同步发电机控制参数变化、电网强弱场景对其高频谐振阻尼作用机理。其次,基于电压控制型虚拟同步发电机控制策略,以有源阻尼方法为解决思路,提出基于电流内环前端通道引入虚拟阻抗控制策略的谐振抑制方法,抑制其高频谐振。最后,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真和RT-LAB控制器在环实验结果验证所提出的控制策略,结果表明虚拟阻抗控制环节起到有效正阻尼作用,相比于无源阻尼方法,在无需额外增加测点和外部控制量的情况下,电压控制型VSG网侧阻尼特性改善,暂态响应能力增强,高频失稳现象得到有效抑制。

本文引用格式

李智 , 刘明波 , 刘辉 , 宋鹏 , 李旭东 , 王帆 . 电压控制型虚拟同步发电机的高频谐振特性分析与抑制策略[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2024 , 52(2) : 50 -61 . DOI: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.220635

Abstract

Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) simulates the operation mechanism of synchronous generator and introduces active frequency modulation and reactive voltage regulation control link. Different from the traditional current control converter, it is a voltage control strategy. Based on control configuration and power grid and source coordination characteristics, this paper constructed small signal analysis models, analyzed the oscillation modes under variable control parameters and power system parameters. Then it obtained high frequency resonance characteristics of voltage controlled VSG and proposed suppression control strategy. Firstly, this paper established the small-signal analysis models of voltage control virtual synchronous generator and traditional flow converter control and electrical link, respectively. Through eigenvalue analysis method, the oscillation mode and damping ratio of all the eigenvalues were quantitatively analyzed, and it is found that the voltage control virtual synchronous generator has a high frequency oscillation mode similar to the traditional converter. And it analyzed the control parameter change of the virtual synchronous generator and the high frequency resonance damping mechanism of the power grid scene. Then, based on the control strategy of voltage controlled virtual synchronous generator, with the active damping method, the virtual impedance control strategy based on the current inner ring front channel was proposed to suppress the high-frequency resonance. Finally, the proposed control strategy was verified in the loop experiment results using Matlab/Simulink simulation and RT-LAB controller. The results show that the virtual impedance control link effectively plays a positive damping role. Compared with the passive damping method, in the case of no additional measuring point and external control amount, the voltage control VSG network side damping characteristics are improved, the transient response ability is enhanced, and the high frequency instability phenomenon is effectively suppressed.

参考文献

1 ZHONG Q C, HORNIK T .Control of power inverters in renewable energy and smart grid integration[M].New York:Wiley-IEEE Press,2013.
2 吕志鹏,盛万兴,钟庆昌,等 .虚拟同步发电机及其在微电网中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报201434(16):2591-2603.
  Zhipeng Lü, SHENG Wanxing, ZHONG Qingchang,et al .Virtual synchronous generator and its applications in micro-grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE201434(16):2591-2603.
3 李智,刘辉,刘明波,等 .虚拟同步发电机并网稳定性与控制技术研究综述[J].电机与控制应用202350(11):1-10.
  LI Zhi, LIU Hui, LIU Mingbo,et al .Research overview of grid-connected virtual synchronous generator stability and control technologies[J].Electrical Machines and Control Application202350(11):1-10.
4 ZHONG Q C, HORNIK T .Control of power inverters in renewable energy and smart grid integration[J].Applied & Environmental Microbiology201262(9):3128-3132.
5 张兴,朱德斌,徐海珍 .分布式发电中的虚拟同步发电机技术[J].电源学报2012(3):1-6,12.
  ZHANG Xing, ZHU De-bin, XU Hai-zhen .Review of virtual synchronous generator technology in distributed generation[J].Journal of Power Supply2012(3):1-6,12.
6 ZHONG Q C, MA Z, MING W L,et al .Grid-friendly wind power systems based on the synchronverter technology[J].Energy Conversion & Management201589(1):719-726.
7 缪惠宇,杨赟,梅飞,等 .一种虚拟同步机运行模式平滑切换控制策略[J].太阳能学报202041(9):121-128.
  MIAO Huiyu, YANG Yun, MEI Fei,et al .A seamless mode switching control strategy in virtual synchronous generator[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica202041(9):121-128.
8 ZHONG Q C, WEISS G .Synchronverters:inverters that mimic synchronous generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics201158(4):1259-1267.
9 VLADIMIR E R, RUSLAN A U, YANA Y M .Analysis of low-frequency oscillation in power system with renewable energy sources[J].Energy Reports20228:394-405.
10 和萍,李钊,李从善,等 .基于虚拟同步机技术的储能机电暂态特性建模[J].电力系统保护与控制202250(7):11-22.
  HE Ping, LI Zhao, LI Congshan,et al .Electromechanical transient modeling of energy storage based on virtual synchronous machine technology[J].Power System Protection and Control202250(7):11-22.
11 田雨果,王彤,邢其鹏,等 .计及虚拟惯量控制与低电压穿越的光伏发电系统暂态稳定分析[J].电力系统保护与控制202250(2):52-59.
  TIAN Yuguo, WANG Tong, XING Qipeng,et al .Transient stability analysis of a photovoltaic generation system considering virtual inertia control and low voltage ride-through[J].Power System Protection and Control202250(2):52-59.
12 刘辉,孙大卫,宋鹏,等 .电压环对光伏虚拟同步机系统稳定性的影响[J].太阳能学报202142(3):311-318.
  LIU Hui, SUN Dawei, SONG Peng,et al .Influence of voltage loop on stability of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica202142(3):311-318.
13 马燕峰,郑力文,霍亚欣,等 .虚拟同步发电机接入电力系统的阻尼转矩分析[J].电力自动化设备202040(4):166-171.
  MA Yanfeng, ZHENG Liwen, HUO Yaxin,et al .Damping torque analysis of virtual synchronous generator connected to power system[J].Electrical Power Automation Equipment202040(4):166-171.
14 李智,张扬帆,刘明波,等 .电压控制型虚拟同步发电机控制特性评估与多机稳定性分析[J].太阳能学报202344(10):1-8.
  LI Zhi, ZHANG Yangfan, LIU Mingbo,et al .Control characteristics evaluation and multiple generator stability analysis of voltage controlled virtual synchronous generators[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica202344(10):1-8.
15 王光宇,付立军,胡祺,等 .计及电压环影响的虚拟同步发电机低频振荡阻尼分析与控制[J].电力系统自动化202245(14):177-184.
  WANG Guangyu, FU Lijun, HU Qi,et al .Analysis and control of low-frequency oscillation damping of virtual synchronous generator considering influence of voltage loop[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems202245(14):177-184.
16 颜湘武,刘正男,徐恒波,等 .虚拟同步发电机特性的三相逆变器小信号建模及分析[J].华北电力大学学报201643(3):1-8.
  YAN Xiangwu, LIU Zhengnan, XU Hengbo,et al .Small-signal modeling and analysis of three-phase characteristics of virtual synchronous generator[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University201643(3):1-8.
17 巩宇,王阳,李智,等 .光伏虚拟同步发电机工程应用效果分析及优化[J].电力系统自动化201842(9):149-156.
  GONG Yu, WANG Yang, LI Zhi,et al .Engineering application effect analysis and optimization of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems201842(9):149-156.
18 SHUAI Z, SHEN C, LIU X,et al .Transient angle stability of virtual synchronous generators using Lyapunov’s direct method[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid201910(4):4648-4661.
19 陈昕,张昌华,黄琦 .引入功率微分项下垂控制的微电网小信号稳定性分析[J].电力系统自动化201741(3):46-53.
  CHEN Xin, ZHANG Changhua, HUANG Qi .Small-signal stability analysis of microgrid using droop control with power differential term[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems201741(3):46-53.
20 李智,张中华,刘辉,等 .LCL型储能虚拟同步发电机谐波谐振特性分析与抑制策略[J].太阳能学报202041(10):101-108.
  LI Zhi, ZHANG Zhonghua, LIU Hui,et al .Harmonic resonance characteristics analysis and suppression strategy of LCL energy storage virtual synchronous generator[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica202041(10):101-108.
21 马也,史丽萍,李衡,等 .基于VSG控制的微网逆变器工频振荡现象研究[J].电力系统保护与控制202250(1):107-115.
  MA Ye, SHI Liping, LI Heng,et al .Power frequency oscillation of a microgrid inverter based on VSG control[J].Power System Protection and Control202250(1):107-115.
22 程军照,王文玺,陈江波 .采用功率坐标变换的微网并联逆变器控制方法[J].电力系统自动化201741(1):117-121.
  CHENG Junzhao, WANG Wenxi, CHEN Jiangbo .Control method for parallel inverters in microgrid based on power coordinate transformation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems201741(1):117-121.
23 张中华,李智,宋鹏,等 .LC型储能虚拟同步发电机谐波谐振机理与抑制策略研究[J].可再生能源201836(12):1842-1848.
  ZHANG Zhonghua, LI Zhi, SONG Peng,et al .Research on harmonic resonance mechanism and inhibition strategy of LC type virtual energy storage virtual synchronous generator[J].Renewable Energy Resources201836(12):1842-1848.
24 ZHONG Q C, NGUYEN P L, MA Z Y,et al .Self- synchronized synchronverters:inverters without a dedicated synchronization unit[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics201429(2):617-630.
25 张前进,周林,解宝 .针对电网阻抗的大型光伏并网系统稳定性分析与提高策略[J].电力系统自动化201741(21):127-132.
  ZHANG Qianjin, ZHOU Lin, XIE Bao .Analysis and improvement strategy for stability of large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic system considering grid impedance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems201741(21):127-132.
26 王淋,巨云涛,吴文传,等 .面向频率稳定提升的虚拟同步化微电网惯量阻尼参数优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报202141(13):4479-4489.
  WANG Lin, JU Yuntao, WU Wenchuan,et al .Optimal design of inertia and damping parameters of virtual synchronous microgrid for improving frequency stability[J].Proceeding of the CSEE202141(13):4479-4489.
27 徐海珍,张兴,刘芳,等 .基于微分补偿环节虚拟惯性的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J].电力系统自动化201741(3):96-102.
  XU Haizhen, ZHANG Xing, LIU Fang,et al .Control strategy of virtual synchronous generator based on differential compensation virtual inertia[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems201741(3):96-102.
28 涂春鸣,谢伟杰,肖凡,等 .多虚拟同步发电机并联系统控制参数对稳定性的影响分析[J].电力系统自动化202044(15):77-86.
  TU Chunming, XIE Weijie, XIAO Fan,et al .Influence analysis of control parameters of parallel system with multiple virtual synchronous generators on stability[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems202044(15):77-86.
29 WANG S, HU J, YUAN X .Virtual synchronous control for grid-connected DFIG-based wind turbines[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging & Selected Topics in Power Electronics20153(4):932-944.
30 TORRES M, LOPES L .Virtual synchronous generators:a control strategy to improve dynamic frequency control in autonomous power system[J].Energy and Power Engineering2013(5):32-38.
文章导航

/