合适的支架材料是小口径组织工程血管体外成功构建的关键之一，天然蛋白成分的纤维蛋白凝胶是理想的支架材料来源。文中首先以纤维蛋白原为原料，混合一定比例的凝血酶以及氯化钙，采取温度控制等技术步骤获得凝胶材料，并进行成胶时间、吸水性能、降解时间以及力学性能等方面的检测，采用扫描电镜观测材料的微观结构；然后，利用特定管状模具制成水凝胶管状支架，通过在支架中负载人成纤维细胞，研究纤维蛋白凝胶支架对人成纤维细胞生长的影响，判断其细胞相容性。结果显示：该制备方法获得的纤维蛋白凝胶整体外观呈乳白色，外表光滑，厚度均匀；凝胶的平均成胶时间为（172.0±4.7） s，吸水率为34.50%±1.87%，完全降解时间为7 d，杨氏模量为（2 624±295） Pa，凝胶整体结构具有一定的稳定性；凝胶的微观结构呈现为多孔隙网状纤维，纤维直径为（0.41±0.03） μm，网状纤维平均孔隙大小为（47.87±9.60） μm²；负载人成纤维细胞后，细胞在凝胶中形态完整，分布均匀，存活情况良好。文中成果为小口径组织工程血管移植物的体外构建提供了进一步的研究借鉴。

Suitable scaffold material is one of the keys to the successful construction of small caliber tissue engineering blood vessels in vitro. Fibrin gel with natural protein composition is an ideal source of scaffold materials. In this study, fibrinogen was used as raw material and mixed with a certain proportion of thrombin and calcium chloride, and the gel material was obtained through technical steps such as temperature control. Then, the clotting time, water absorption, degradation time and mechanical properties were tested. The microstructure of the material was observed by scanning electron microscope. Secondly, the hydrogel tubular scaffold was made by using a specific tubular mold. By loading human fibroblasts in the scaffold, the effect of fibrin gel scaffold on the growth of human fibroblasts was studied and its cytocompatibility was judged. The results show that the overall appearance of the fibrin gel obtained by this method is milky white, smooth and uniform in thickness; the average gel forming time is (172.0±4.7) s; the water absorption rate is 34.50%±1.87%; the complete degradation time is 7 days and the Young's modulus is (2624±295) Pa; the overall structure of the gel has certain stability; the microstructure of the gel is presented as porous mesh fibers, and the fiber diameter is (0.41±0.03) μm with average pore size of reticular fiber of (47.87±9.60) μm². After embedding human fibroblasts, the cells are morphologically intact and evenly distributed in the gel, and the cells survived well. This study provides a reference for the further study of in vitro construction of small caliber tissue engineering vascular graft.