为评价不同加劲措施的效果，对比研究了加劲和未加劲薄壁高强方钢管混凝土短柱的轴压性能。首先，设计并完成了加劲试件和未加劲对比试件的轴压试验，考察了钢管屈服强度和加劲措施类型对试件的破坏形态、荷载-轴向位移(应变)曲线及承载力、组合弹性模量和延性系数等力学指标的影响。结果表明，与未加劲试件相比，加劲措施可以改变试件的破坏进程与钢管的破坏形态，并改善试件的轴压性能，但不存在可以全面提高试件力学指标的加劲措施。然后，基于合理的钢材与核心混凝土本构模型，建立了轴压荷载作用下加劲和未加劲薄壁高强方钢管混凝土短柱的有限元模型，并通过试验验证了模拟结果。最后，利用有限元模型进一步分析了主要参数对加劲薄壁高强方钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能的影响。结果表明，不同加劲组合短柱的荷载-轴向位移曲线不同阶段分界点与力学指标存在差异，带圆孔斜拉钢板肋的加劲措施对提高承载力和延性更为有效，而双排钢板肋加劲措施对提高组合弹性模量更为有效。

To evaluate the effectiveness of different stiffening measures, the comparative study on the axial compression behavior of the stiffened and unstiffened concrete-filled thin-walled high-strength square steel tube stub co-lumns was carried out in this paper. Firstly, the axial compression experiments of the stiffened specimens and the reference unstiffened specimens were designed and carried out, and the influence of yield strength of steel tube and type of stiffening measures on the failure patterns, load versus axial displacement (strain) curves and the mechanical indexes, e.g. bearing capacity, composite elastic modulus and ductility index, of the specimens was investigated. The results show that the stiffening measures can alter the destruction process of the specimens and the failure patterns of steel tube and improve the mechanical indexes of the specimens. However, there are no stiffening mea-sures that can thoroughly enhance the mechanical indexes of the specimens. Secondly, by determining the reasonable constitutive model of steel and core concrete, the finite element model of the stiffened and unstiffened concrete-filled thin-walled high-strength square steel tube stub columns under axial compression was developed and verified through experiments. Eventually, the effect of major parameters on the axial compression behavior of the stiffened concrete-filled thin-walled high-strength square steel tube stub columns was further analyzed with the verified finite element model. The results show that, the demarcation points in different stages of load versus axial displacement curves and mechanical indexes of the stiffened composite stub columns are different, and the stiffening measure of diagonal binding ribs is more effective to improve bearing capacity and ductility, while the stiffening measure of double-row steel ribs is more effective to improve composite elastic modulus.