液压阀口节流升温不仅会造成能量损失，而且会引发热变形，造成滑阀滞卡， 影响液压机械的稳定性甚至安全性。深入研究阀口温度分布是准确预测热变形的前提。 本研究将微小热电偶嵌入简化的平面阀口，测量了阀口开度 x 在 1 ～ 3 mm、入口压力 pin 在 0. 5 ～ 3. 0 MPa 范围内、阀口节流过程中的壁面温度分布。实验表明: 阀口节流升温 速度随压差增大而增大，x = 2 mm，pin = 3. 0 MPa 时，初始升温速度可达到 0. 79℃ /min; 节流作用下的阀口温度分布不均匀，阀口开度较小时温度梯度对压差较为敏感，x = 1 mm、pin = 3. 0 MPa 时，阀口壁面的最大温差可达到 7. 86 ℃ ; 阀口尖角部位通常会产 生明显的局部高温，在 3. 0 MPa 下升温 110 min 可达到 72. 9 ℃，但是在大开度或大压差 情况下，阀口竖直壁面亦会产生局部高温。针对这一现象，结合 ANSYS Fluent 软件中 的 Fluid-solid-heat coupling 模块和 Mixture 多相流模型进行了综合分析，结果表明涡流和 空化对阀口壁面的温度分布具有显著影响。 

Viscous heating of valve orifice not only wastes energy but also causes thermal deformation． It increases the risk of spool clamping and exerts a strong impact on the stability and safety of hydraulic machines． A deep research on the temperature distribution of valve orifice is the foundation of accuracy prediction of thermal deformation，so a temperature measurement method was put forward by embedding miniature thermocouples in different locations of the planar valve orifice． The experiments were conducted with the valve opening x ranges from 1 mm to 3 mm and inlet pressure pin ranges from 0. 5MPa to 3MPa． The results show that the valve orifice temperature rises with the increase of the inlet pressure; the heating rate can reach 0. 79 ℃ /min when x = 2 mm and pin = 3. 0 MPa; the temperature of valve orifice caused by viscous heating distributes unevenly，and the temperature gradient seems more sensitive to pressure drop under a small orifice． The maximum temperature difference of valve orifice can reach 7. 86 ℃ when x = 1 mm and pin = 3. 0MPa． In most cases，the sharp edge of the valve orifice is likely to generate a higher temperature，which can reach 72. 9 ℃ after heating 110 min under 3. 0 MPa． However，a higher temperature will also appear along the vertical edge under a larger valve opening or a higher pressure drop． To analyze the phenomenon，a comprehensive analysis was carried out by combining fluid-solid-heat coupling module and mixture multiphase flow model in ANSYS Fluent software． The results show that the vortex and cavitation have a strong impact on the temperature distribution in the wall of the valve orifice．